World War II--Veteran history]]> World War II--Hawaii]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Ishikawa, Akira: narrator ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center: publisher ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center]]> 1998 January 13]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui. Hawaii]]> World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate)]]> Industry and employment]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Ishikawa, Akira: narrator]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center: publisher ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center]]> 1998 January 13]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate)]]> World War II--Italy]]> Ishikawa, Akira: narrator ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center: publisher ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center]]> 1998 January 13]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii]]> Industry and employment]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> World War II--Nisei soldiers]]> Takahashi, Suguru: narrator]]> Duensing, Dawn: interviewer ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center: publisher ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center]]> 1996 April 10]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii]]> World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate)]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--European Theater--"The Gothic Line"]]> Takahashi, Suguru: narrator]]> Duensing, Dawn: interviewer]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center: publisher ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center ]]> 1996 April 10]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii]]> World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate)]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Vosges--"Rescue of the Lost Battalion"]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Takahashi, Suguru: narrator]]> Duensing, Dawn: interviewer ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center: publisher ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center]]> 1996 April 10]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Muai, Hawaii]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Takahashi, Suguru: narrator ]]> Duensing, Dawn: interviewer ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center: publisher ]]> Nisei Veteren Memorial Center]]> 1996 April 10]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Matsumoto, Clarence: narrator ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center: publisher]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center]]> 1995 April 29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii ]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--Italy]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Matsumoto, Clarence: narrator ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center: publisher]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center]]> 1995 April 29 ]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii ]]> Education]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Social activities]]> Matsumoto, Clarence: narrator ]]> Nisei Memorial Veteran Center: publisher ]]> Nisei Memorial Veteran Center]]> 1995 April 29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii ]]> World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Vosges--"Rescue of the Lost Battalion"]]> World War II--Italy]]> World War II--Military service]]> Kuwahara, Arthur: narrator]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center: publisher]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center]]> 2000 April 16]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Vosges--"Rescue of the Lost Battalion"]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Kuwahara, Arthur: narrator ]]> Duensing, Dawn: interviewer ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center: publisher ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center]]> 2000 April 16]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii ]]> Industry and employment]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Ogawa, Edward: narrator]]> Duensing, Dawn: interviewer ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center: publisher ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center]]> 1996]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Hawaii]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--European Theater--"The Gothic Line"]]> World War II--European Theater--Po Valley Campaign]]> World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Vosges--"Rescue of the Lost Battalion"]]> Ogawa, Edward: narrator ]]> Duensing, Dawn: interviewer]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center: publisher ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center ]]> 1996]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Hawaii]]> Identity and values--Family]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> Ogawa, Edward: narrator ]]> Duensing, Dawn: interviewer]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center: publisher ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center]]> 1996]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Hawaii ]]> World War II--Military service]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Nishihara, Edward: narrator ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center]]> 1995 June 22]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Hawaii, Maui ]]> World War II--European Theater--Africa, Embarkation (100th Infantry Battalion, Separate)]]> World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate)]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp McCoy]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--Italy]]> Nishihara, Edward: narrator ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center: publisher ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center ]]> 1995 June 22]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Hawaii, Maui ]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--Japanese Americans]]> Identity and values]]> Military service]]> Nishihara, Edward: narrator ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center: publisher ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center ]]> 1995 June 22]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Hawaii, Maui]]> Tadehara, Beverly: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Tadehara, Beverly: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Industry and employment]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Yamamoto, Jun: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2009 January 18]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii ]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Manzanar]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Vosges--"Rescue of the Lost Battalion"]]> World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Maritime Alps,"Champagne Campaign"]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Yamamoto, Jun: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2009 January 18]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii ]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Manzanar]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> Military service--Veteran history]]> Yamamoto, Jun: narrator]]> Tsukiyama, Ted: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2008 June 29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Hawaii]]> Identity and values--Family]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Law and legislation--Executive Order 9066]]> Yamamoto, Jun: narrator]]> Tsukiyama, Ted: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2008 June 29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Hawaii]]> Onoda, Hideo: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Onoda, Hideo: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Onoda, Hideo: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Education--Higher education]]> World War II--European Theater--"The Gothic Line"]]> World War II--European Theater--Southern France Campaign (442nd Regimental Combat Team, Anti-Tank Company)]]> World War II--Casualties]]> World War II--Military service--Discharge]]> Yaguchi, Kenji: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2008 September 11]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Portland, Oregon ]]> Law and legislation--Executive Order 9066]]> Race--Racism]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Living conditions]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Work & Jobs]]> World War II--Military recruitment]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Yaguchi, Kenji: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2008 September 11]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Portland, Oregon ]]> Community activities]]> Festivals, celebrations, and holidays]]> Education]]> Industry and employment--Agriculture]]> Identity and values--Parents]]> Yaguchi, Kenji: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2008 September 11]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Portland, Oregon ]]> Ogawa, Edward Yoshihira: narrator]]> Fukuda, D.: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Ogawa, Edward Yoshihira: narrator]]> Fukuda, D.: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Maruo, Yoshikatsu: narrator]]> Tsukiyama, T.: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Maruo, Yoshikatsu: narrator]]> Tsukiyama, T.: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Maruo, Yoshikatsu: narrator]]> Tsukiyama, T.: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
After the war, Coolidge returned to the United States. He participated in a parade for President Harry Truman. Coolidge explains there were mixed emotions about participating in the parade. He felt soldiers of the 100th and 442nd who were killed in action are the true heroes. The Niseis' contribution to the war showed that they worked hard, persevered, and were loyal.

President Truman's speech made Coolidge feel it was worth serving in the Military. President Truman recognized the Japanese Americans as loyal citizens. The Niseis were successful in the war because the Japanese American soldiers fought cohesively. The Niseis worked well together and trusted each other in battle.

After the parade in New Jersey, he traveled to the Panama Canal. He returned to Hawaii and had a festive homecoming celebration. Later, he went to the mainland to pursue his higher education at Grinnell College Iowa. In 1949, Coolidge graduated college and went to the University of Buffalo New York. He interned for one year at LA County General Hospital, then Coolidge received a fellowship at Mayo Clinic. He was the first Nisei to be accepted into the Mayo Clinic.

In 1958, Coolidge finished his fellowship at Mayo Clinic and returned to Hawaii to open his practice. Coolidge worked for 50 years before retiring. In 1956, Coolidge married Edith Yamasaki, and have four children and five grandchildren. Coolidge shares a message for his grandchildren and great-grandchildren to remember the golden rule. Be honest, respect your country, be loyal, and do not bring shame to the family.

When the Government gave reparation to the Japanese Americans, Coolidge gave his reparations to the Cox family who hosted him and to Tully High School.

At the end of the interview, Coolidge narrated photographs from wartime and post-war.
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Wakai, Coolidge: narrator]]> Yee, T.: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

After Coolidge's father passed away, the family moved to Honolulu. His mother worked hard to support the family. At age fifteen, Coolidge went to the mainland for higher education. He settled in California and found a job as a houseboy. Coolidge attended Berkeley High School.

On December 7, Coolidge attended church and learned the news when he went home. Coolidge did not feel any discrimination when he moved to the mainland. His employer and classmates at high school treated him fairly. The following day after Pearl Harbor, Coolidge went to school. He continued to focus on his educational goals.

When Executive Order 9066 was signed, Coolidge and his brother reported to Tanforan. After three to fourth months in Tanforan, Coolidge was sponsored to leave the camp to go to New York. In 1944 Coolidge graduated high school in New York and applied for college. He attended Grinnell College in Iowa with financial assistance from scholarships and a family from Kauai. After his first year of college, Coolidge was drafted into the military.

Coolidge was inducted at Fort Sheridan and shipped to Camp Blanding, Florida. During basic training, Coolidge made many friends and had a good relationship with everyone.

Overseas, he was assigned to Company B, 3rd Platoon. Coolidge's first battle was in the mountains near Carrara, Italy. After Coolidge's first battle in Italy, he kept moving up the mountains above Leghorn. Coolidge recalls not showering for one month.

Coolidge recalls climbing Po Valley with his gear. Besides climbing the rigorous terrain, food was scarce. Later, the 100th and 442nd were called to France for the Gothic Line because the military needed the left flank to be covered. Coolidge was attached to the 92nd Division.

When the war ended, Coolidge was in the mountains. There were no roads in the mountains. Therefore, airplanes dropped down the rations for them. Being overseas, Coolidge missed hot cook meals. He was living off of C rations and K rations.
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Wakai, Coolidge: narrator]]> Yee, T.: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
Ogami, Noboru: narrator]]> Tsukiyama, T.: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Ogami, Noboru: narrator]]> Tsukiyama, T.: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Kazumura, Larry: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007 November 17]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Bellevue, Washington]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Kazumura, Larry: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007 November 17]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Bellevue, Washington]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Social activities]]> Industry and employment]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Kazumura, Larry: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Bellevue, Washington]]> Oral Histories]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--232nd Combat Engineer Company]]> Kimura, Shoichi: narrator]]> Yuge, Tim: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007 October 14]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Richmond, California]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--Military service--232nd Combat Engineer Company]]> Kimura, Shoichi: narrator]]> Yuge, Tim: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007 October 14]]> eng ]]> Oral Histories]]> Richmond, California]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Education]]> Social activities]]> Kimura, Shoichi: narrator]]> Yuge, Tim: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007 October 14]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Richmond, California ]]> Identity and values]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Momoda, Shigeru Gerald: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007-09-11]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Las Vegas, Nevada]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Education]]> Industry and employment]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--France]]> Momoda, Shigeru Gerald: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007-09-11]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Las Vegas, Nevada]]>
Shigeo's advice for future generations is to vote and voice your opinions to politicians. Be a good citizen, and respect your country. We need to honor those who are killed in the war for our freedom. ]]>
Iwamasa, Shigeo: narrator]]> Leivich, Joanne: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Oral Histories]]>

On a lighter side, Shigeo shares a funny story about the Mess Hall in Marseilles, France. Besides Shigeo serving in the army, his three other brothers have a military career as well. Shigeo's Issei father is very proud of his sons for serving their country.

While overseas, Shigeo says there is a Black Market. He says some hot items go for high prices. As a result, the Army passes a ruling that you can exchange items only 10 percent above your Army pay.

On December 18, 1945, Shigeo is discharged in Oahu, Hawaii, and returns home to Maui. Shigeo is not able to find a good job and reenlist in the Army. He is deployed to the Korean War and is a Battalion Mechanic.

After being discharged from the Korean War, Shigeo is highly decorated with serval awards and medals such as two combat badges, two good conduct medals, and one Bronze Star.

Post-war, Shigeo goes to National School in Los Angeles, California for a year. Eventually, Shigeo gets a position at Northrop Grumman and is promoted several times before retiring. ]]>
Iwamasa, Shigeo: narrator]]> Leivich, Joanne: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Oral Histories]]>

Growing up, Shigeo has an active childhood. He works on the plantation with his father growing food, harvesting crops, school projects, and working part-time on the golf course as a caddie service. Although the Iwamasa family did not have a lot of money, Shigeo says they live an honorable life and are happy.

Shigeo reflects on the Pearl Harbor attack and the start of his Military Service. The process of enlisting happens quickly, and Shigeo regrets not telling his parents goodbye. Shigeo travels to the mainland and does basic training at Camp Shelby. At basic training, Shigeo makes friends with some of the mainland soldiers. One of his good friends is Shichizo Toyota. Shigeo discusses their friendship and the impact Shichizo makes on him.

After a year of basic training, Shigeo is shipped overseas to France. Overseas, Shigeo gets measles and is hospitalized. When Shigeo recovers, he receives orders to be a driver for a Major General. ]]>
Iwamasa, Shigeo: narrator]]> Leivich, Joanne: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Oral Histories]]>
Industry and employment]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Vosges--"Rescue of the Lost Battalion"]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Oshiro, Joseph Seichi: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007-09-10]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Oshiro, Joseph Seichi: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007-09-10]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Identity and values]]> Industry and employment]]> Education]]> World War II--Military service--Recruiting and enlisting]]> Oshiro, Joseph Seichi: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007-09-10]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]>
After Frank's service in the Army 442nd Regimental Combat Team, K Company, He moves to Chicago to be near his sister and school. Frank gets married to Yuri L. Satow Matsuda. They have three children and three grandchildren. Eventually Frank moves back to Seattle because his father is ill.

Frank feels the situation is improving for the next generations after the war. Frank is proud of his kids and grandchildren. He wishes they do their best, be happy and healthy. ]]>
Matsuda, Frank Tadao: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

Frank discusses the treatment of African Americans in Mississippi. Frank shares some experiences he sees in Hattiesburg regarding segregation. The people in Hattiesburg are indifferent to the Japanese Americans in the South.

At Camp Shelby, there are mainland and Hawaiian soldiers. Frank addresses the division between the mainlanders and Hawaiian. There are talks of disbandment of the Japanese American unit and Frank explains how the issue is resolved.

Frank goes overseas to Europe. His first artillery fire happens north of Rome and he sees a dead body for the first time. This is a moment he cannot forget. The day after the Last Battalion, Frank encounters a mortar barrage (Vosges Mountain) and is hit in four places on his body. James Okubo (medic) helps him, and Frank wakes up in the hospital.

After being wounded, Frank is on limited service and works in the mortar pool unit. Frank hears the 442nd is going back to Italy and asks his Captain if he can go back with the outfit. Frank receives approval and is assigned back to K Company.

Frank did not interact with civilians much because he is in battle. Frank recalls the civilians knowing the war is over before he did. Frank returns to the United States after a month or two when the war ends. He is discharged at Fort Douglas, Utah, and goes back to Seattle, Washington. Shortly after, Frank goes to live in Chicago with his sister. Post-war, Frank gets married and has children.
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Matsuda, Frank Tadao: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

Frank grows up during the Great Depression. Although money is hard to earn during the Great Depression, Frank's father buys a house for around $2,000. Asians could not own homes or property because of the Alien Land Law. After camp, Frank's sister's name is on the deed because she is an American citizen.

The Matsuda family lives in the community of Ballard in Seattle. The demographic is predominately Scandinavian. Frank remembers there are four Japanese American families plus them. Frank has many friends on 69th Street.

Frank recalls December 7 and the evacuation orders, Executive Order 9066 (EO9066). He says the Japanese Americans becomes the most hated people after Pearl Harbor. The Matsuda family goes to Puyallup and Minidoka. He describes the living conditions and provisions in camp.

Frank did not stay at Minidoka for long. He takes the opportunity to work on a sugar beet farm in Idaho. Later he goes to Salt Lake City to work at a meatpacking company and restaurant. ]]>
Matsuda, Frank Tadao: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
Identity and values--Family]]> Industry and employment]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Yoshida, Masaru Frank: narrator]]> Wasserman, Steven: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007-08-18]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Granada (Amache) Amache, Colorado]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Yoshida, Masaru Frank: narrator]]> Wasserman, Steven: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007-08-18]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Identity and values]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Granada (Amache) Amache, Colorado]]> World War II--Temporary Detention Facilities--Santa Anita]]> World War II--Military service--Recruiting and enlisting]]> Yoshida, Masaru Frank: narrator]]> Wasserman, Steven: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007-18-08]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> World War II--Awards, medals]]> Education]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Tamashiro, Minoru: narrator]]> Yuge, Tim: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007-06-27]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Jerome]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> Tamashiro, Minoru: narrator]]> Yuge, Tim: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007-06-27]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii]]> Identity and values--Family]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Education]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> He details about Pearl Harbor and its aftermath. Tamahiro also discusses about photography, joining the Army, going to the Mainland, and experiences at Camp Shelby.]]> Tamashiro, Minoru: narrator]]> Yuge, Tim: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007-06-27]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii]]> Oda, Norman: narrator]]> Karamatsu, J.: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Oda, Norman: narrator]]> Karamatsu, J.: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Oda, Norman: narrator]]> Karamatsu, J.: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
Back on the mainland, Charley shares two incidents that cause trouble at camp. Post-war, he enrolls at the University of Honolulu and meets his wife. He is the first in his family to graduate from college.

Charley and his wife have three sons together. However, one son passes away from a car accident at Eglin Air Force Base in Florida. Before going overseas, Charley is threatened by a plantation field supervisor. Charley has a desire to confront the man after returning home from the war. He shares how he handles the matter. ]]>
Ijima, Charles Toyoji: narrator]]> Yamagami, Don: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

Charley discusses the different ways German places and makes their mines. He explains when they go out to combat areas to clear the mines it depends on the purpose.

When the war ends, he is assigned to Ghedi Airport in Po valley, Italy. Depending on how many points you have, you can travel. However, Charley did not have that my points. He recalls waiting a long time until he can be shipped back home.

After leaving Italy, Charley goes to the mainland to Camp Myles Standish in Boston and Camp Kilmer in New Jersey before going home to Kauai, Hawaii. ]]>
Ijima, Charles Toyoji: narrator]]> Yamagami, Don: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

The 232nd demographic is composed of Nisei from the Hawaii National Guard roster, transfer soldiers from the mainland, and 442nd. Charley shares stories from the Gothic Line and the rescue of the Lost Battalion in France.

Although Charley is in the 232nd Engineering Company, he says it is rare for an engineer to encounter combat. He recalls two separate incidents when he faces German soldiers in Italy doing reconnaissance work. ]]>
Ijima, Charles Toyoji: narrator]]> Yamagami, Don: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

Charley has seven siblings. He describes life going up on a plantation. When Pearl Harbor is bombed, he discusses the restrictions and rations that occur. After high school, Charley volunteers for the 442nd and enlisted at Schofield Barracks. His three other brothers also join the service later. ]]>
Ijima, Charles Toyoji: narrator]]> Yamagami, Don: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
Ego, Kenji: narrator]]> Tanaka, Laughlin: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Ego, Kenji: narrator]]> Tanaka, Laughlin: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Ego, Kenji: narrator]]> Tanaka, Laughlin: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Wada, Takashi: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Wada, Takashi: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Matsunaga, Mitsuki: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007 March 07]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Las Vegas, Nevada ]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Military service--Veteran history]]> Matsunaga, Mitsuki: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007 March 07]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Las Vegas, Nevada]]> Education]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Social activities]]> Matsunaga, Mitsuki: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007 March 07]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Las Vegas, Nevada ]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Shiosaki, Rodney: narrator]]> Yee, Govan: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007 March 24]]> eng]]> Torrance, California]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Education]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Shiosaki, Rodney: narrator]]> Yee, Govan: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007 March 24]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California]]> Honda, Mitsuo: narrator]]> Tanaka, Dru: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Honda, Mitsuo: narrator]]> Tanaka, Dru: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Honda, Mitsuo: narrator]]> Tanaka, Dru: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Industry and employment]]> World War II--Casualties]]> World War II--Medical care]]> Race--Race relations]]> World War II--Military service--Travel, leisure]]> Tsukayama, Albert: narrator]]> Hayashi, S.: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 December 01]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii]]> Japan--Okinawa]]> Military service--Post-World War II Occupation of Japan]]> World War II--Medical care]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training]]> World War II--Casualties]]> World War II--Food supply]]> Tsukayama, Albert: narrator]]> Hayashi, S.: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 December 01]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii]]> Education]]> Immigration and citizenship]]> Japan--Okinawa]]> Race--Race relations]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Jerome]]> World War II--Medical care]]> World War II--Military service--Recruiting and enlisting]]> Tsukayama, Albert: narrator]]> Hayashi, S.: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 December 01]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Shintani, Munro: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 May 21]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Houston, Texas]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Shintani, Munro: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 May 21]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Houston, Texas]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Education]]> Social activities]]> Shintani, Munro: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 May 21]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Houston, Texas]]> World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Maritime Alps]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Italy]]> Sasaki, Edward: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 May 20]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Denton, Texas]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Minidoka]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Identity and values--Family]]> World War II--Temporary Detention Facilities--Puyallup]]> Sasaki, Edward: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 May 20]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Denton, Texas]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Education]]> Tagawa, Mitsugi: narrator]]> Yamagami, Don: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 April 21]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Tucson, Arizona]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Vosges--Bruyeres, Belmont, Biffontaine]]> World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Vosges--"Rescue of the Lost Battalion"]]> Tagawa, Mitsugi: narrator]]> Yamagami, Don: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 April 21]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Tucson, Arizona]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Education]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Gila River]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Tagawa, Mitsugi: narrator]]> Yamagami, Don: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 April 21 ]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Tucson, Arizona]]> Community activities--Associations and organizations]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Matsumoto, Willard: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 March 23]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Matsumoto, Willard: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 April 23]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Social activities]]> Education]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--Casualties]]> Matsumoto, Willard: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 March 23]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii]]> World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate)]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Nishihara, Edward: narrator]]> Kawamoto, Keith: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 March 22]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Military service--Pre-World War II service]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp McCoy]]> World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate)]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Nishihara, Edward: narrator]]> Kawamoto, Keith: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 March 22]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii ]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Hamasaki, Kazuichi: narrator]]> Okitsu, Walter: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 March 21]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Hamasaki, Kazuichi: narrator]]> Okitsu, Walter: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 March 21]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii]]>

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