Westdale, Virgil: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002-06-30]]> eng]]> Transcriptions]]> Chicago, Illinois]]> Ogata, Kenneth: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006-08-20]]> eng]]> Transcriptions]]> Camarillo, California]]> Motoyama, Jimmie: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006-09-11]]> eng]]> Transcriptions]]> Denver, Colorado]]> Military service]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training]]> Tamae, Seiki: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004-11-21]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California]]> Allied Occupation of Japan--Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers (SCAP)]]> Identity and values]]> Japan--Post-World War II]]> Military service--Post-World War II Occupation of Japan]]> Japan--Government and politics]]> Tamae, Seiki: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004-11-21]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California]]> Allied Occupation of Japan]]> Japan--Post-World War II]]> Military service--Post-World War II Occupation of Japan]]> World War II--Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima & Nagasaki]]> World War II--Military service--Military Intelligence Language School]]> Tamae, Seiki: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004-11-21]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California]]> Race--Discrimination]]> Race--Segregation]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training]]> World War II--Nisei soldiers]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Tamae, Seiki: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004-11-21]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California]]> Education--Secondary education]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Immigration and citizenship]]> Military service--Post-World War II Occupation of Japan]]> Identity and values--Nisei]]> Tamae, Seiki: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004-11-21]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California]]> Arao, Henry: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2003-06-07]]> eng]]> Transcriptions]]> Watsonville, California]]> Yamaguchi, Samuel: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004-09-11]]> eng]]> Transcriptions]]> San Diego, California]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Social activities]]>
Post-war. Toyota's family relocates to Cleveland. In 1945, Toyota is discharge and goes to school for an engineering career. Meanwhile, he meets his wife and have been married for 50 years. Since his wife is a country girl, they move to Fresno to be closer to her family. Toyota gives up his opportunity of the engineering field and beginning of his civil service career for 20 years.

In Cleveland, Toyota recalls a time when a civilian shakes his hand and thanks him for his service. Toyota is proud to be a representative of the Japanese Community during his time in service but did not like what his sees. Toyota flashbacks to Sospel, Italy where his Lieutenant took two replacement to go on patrol and gets capture. Toyota describes how the replacements keep getting younger when they come to war.

Toyota feels war should not be learned from second hand news because it is over exaggerated. Taking to veterans or soldiers can give a realistic view since they have experience war and the information will be more accurate. When asked about the Go For Broke movie, Toyota feels the movie does not depict realism.

Toyota shares his thoughts on the contributions of the Issei and Nisei. He shares advice for the future generations.



]]>
Toyota, Kameo: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 November 17]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Fresno, California]]>
World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Vosges--"Rescue of the Lost Battalion"]]> World War II--France]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]>
Overseas at the European Theater, Toyota recalls being pulled off the line for ten days of rest. After Toyota showers, he receives the news there is a troop trap on top of the hill and needs rescuing. On October 25, Toyota and his company go rescue the Lost Battalion on the same day as his birthday. The rescue is all up hill fighting that consists of an all rifle company and motor company. At this time, Toyota is attach to 35 Division and Company I leads the the company. It takes five days until reach on top of mountain.

During the rescue of the Lost Battalion, the weather is cold, rainy, and snowy. Toyota is one of the first five men that makes contact with the Texans. The next order Toyota receives is to set up a road block and Maritime Alps reconnaissance patrol. Toyota recalls getting wounds and being hospitalized for frost bite and trench foot.

While Toyota is in the European Theater, his family is in Poston at block 213. ]]>
Toyota, Kameo: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 November 17]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Fresno, California ]]>
Toyota, Kameo: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Social activities]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]>
During the time of the Great Depression, Japanese School tuition cost $5 a month. Toyota's parents are share croppers and could not own land due to the Alien Land Law. Toyota is at awe that his parents can afford the Japanese School tuition during the Country's financial hardship.

In 1944 Toyota goes to Camp Blanding for secondary training (replacement training). At Camp Blanding, he remembers the visit from the 100th Infantry Battalion and their discussion about their war experience in Italy. As Toyota is getting ready to go onto the troopship overseas, her receives an Army telegram that his Brother is killed in England. Toyota and all his Brothers are close knit.

In France, Toyota's first action battle is at Bruyeres. He recalls the foot assault, mine fields and casualties. The most memorable moment is a wounded soldier losing his leg. At this point Toyota feels that they are extendable. In the European Theater, the German soldiers are know for their weapons and how more superior the guns were to the American soldiers.



]]>
Toyota, Kameo: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 November 17]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Fresno, California ]]>
World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Identity and values--Family]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training]]>
In Toyota's early years he recalls discrimination. As a child he would swim in irrigation rivers because Japanese Americans are not allowed to swim in the public pools. He also recollects his oldest brother born in Japan is not allow to immigrate to the United States due to the Immigration Law in 1924.

In 1940, the Peace Time Draft is in effect and the first ten numbers are to enlist for service. Toyota is the third number to be called by President Roosevelt. Toyota remembers the Japanese American Community providing a big send for the Nisei. The first ten drafts are Nisei and they go to Fort Ord. Toyota is assign to 7th Division; Mechanized Calvary Unit and drives an armor scout car four wheel drive fully armor with machine gun.

When Pearl Harbor is attack, Toyota is in service and recalls hearing about the attack during a basketball tournament. Part of his duty during the war is to scout up and down the Pacific Coast for Japanese submarine. Later The Japanese American soldiers' guns are taken away and ship to Michigan.

Simultaneous at this time when Toyota is getting ready to be ship, his family is getting ready for evacuation to Salinas. From the stress of events, Toyota's Mother has a stroke. His family is later related to Poston. He is unable to see his Mother years later.



]]>
Toyota, Kameo: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 November 17]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Fresno, California ]]>

Tadayoshi talks about an array of topics from Fred Oshima joining the 522nd Artillery Battalion, the loyalty questionnaire (especially questions 27 and 28, and his cousin Hiroshi Sugiyama.

Tadayoshi says the men in the Military Intelligence Service (MIS) did a terrific job in World War Two because their fieldwork laid the foundation for MIS during the occupation.

At the end of the interview, Tadayoshi shows photographs from his Military Intelligence Service (MIS) class, Company B from Fort McClellan (1944), and 2nd Platoon Company B from Fort McClellan (1944). ]]>
Sugiyama, Tadayoshi: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

At Gila River and overseas, Tadayoshi encounters different types of Japanese dialects. For example, at camp there is a mixture of city and country people with contrasting Japanese dialogue. Moreover, there is a perception that Japanese Americans do not speak Japanese. When Tadayoshi goes to Nikko, the locals are surprised to see a Japanese in an American uniform and speaking Japanese. The same thing happens when he visits his relatives in Shimizu on a ten-day furlough.

Overseas Tadayoshi is an interpreter with the War Crimes Investigation for two Captains who are lawyers. Despite working on war crime cases during occupations, Tadayoshi does not see any finalization of his investigations. A particular case his shares is Captain Kaneko.

The war impacts the lives of Japanese locals in many ways. Tadayoshi is surprised about the social responsibility in public and describes some situations he witnessed. Tadayoshi's mother says this is an effect of war. War changes people, and we should not judge people too harshly.

Tadayoshi's parents leave Gila River in 1945 and rebuild their lives. Post-war, Tadayoshi furthers his education and moves to Los Angeles. He has two daughters and two grandchildren. Tadayoshi reflects on the Nisei contribution and the legacy they worked for the next generations. ]]>
Sugiyama, Tadayoshi: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

In Japan, Tadayoshi Sugiyama is part of the War Crimes Investigation Unit as an interpreter. He investigates fallen aircraft and grave registration. He shares some of the cases he works on and interrogation technics he uses on Japanese locals.

Tadayoshi explains the contributions of the Nisei in the Army. In 1940 the Japanese Americans from San Francisco and Monterey train at Crissy Field for Military Intelligence Service. These men show the importance of Nisei. The majority of the men, in the beginning, are the 100th and Keibi Nisei. Tadayoshi talks about his contributions to the Military Intelligence Service (MIS).

Tadayoshi discusses the landscape of post-war Japan and money conversion to the Japanese yen. Tadayoshi would buys goods for black-marketing. Since Tadayoshi is on temporary duty, he does not get a paycheck. Black-marketing is a way for him to earn income.

Considering General MacArthur's edict, US occupation troops are not allowed to spend any money on Japanese establishments such as movie theaters and restaurants. Also, they are not allowed to eat native food. Post-war, there is not enough food in Japan. For food, they eat their rations.

Besides working, Tadayoshi goes on furlough to visit relatives, and he travels with his cousin around Japan. ]]>
Sugiyama, Tadayoshi: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

Each person is only allowed to bring what they can carry. The designation of the camp is not announced to the evacuees. Therefore, you do not know if you are going somewhere hot or cold. Tadayoshi recalls going into their barracks for the first time.

The Sugiyama family is at Turlock from April to September and then travel by train to camp with the windows blackout. On the train, there are military personals (MP). They arrive at Casa Grande, but the camp is not fully built yet. Tadayoshi recalls helping with the construction.

Tadayoshi's Issei parents did not say much about the evacuation even though they have a hard time adjusting to camp. His father works at the mess hall as a cook, his older brother works at the hospital as a doctor, and Tadayoshi works as an x-ray technician. The Japanese Americans have to adjust to life at camp. There are dances, playing sports and Japanese shows. Tadayoshi says many of the Issei are very talented performing in the Japanese shows. He recalls in camp they are given a loyalty questionnaire and he discusses medical health care in camp.

Tadayoshi is about to enroll at the University of Minnesota and then receives a letter from the Army to join. Tadayoshi decides to go Camp Savage and see if he can join the Military Intelligence Service (MIS). He takes an exam and passes.

Tadayoshi discusses Army life and basic training. In July 1945, Tadayoshi goes overseas to the Philippines and Japan. Before going overseas, Tadayoshi gets married. ]]>
Sugiyama, Tadayoshi: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

Tadayoshi recalls what San Francisco is like in the 1900s with coal stoves, gaslight street lights, and empty lots to play in. He grows up during the Great Depression era and is grateful for always having food to eat.

Growing up in a bilingual and bicultural family is difficult at times. Tadayoshi speaks Japanese and learns Japanese traditions at home. When interfacing with the public, Tadayoshi speaks English. He has several good friends and describes their childhood activities. Tadayoshi also remembers seeing the development of the Golden Gate Bridge.

After graduating from High School, he attends Berkeley University of California. Tadayoshi recalls December 7 and the events following after. ]]>
Sugiyama, Tadayoshi: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
Yonamine, Wally: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004-06-16]]> eng]]> Transcriptions]]> Identity and values--Children]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> World War II--Photography]]> Westdale, Virgil: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002-06-30]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Chicago, Illinois ]]> World War II--Germany]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Industry and employment]]> Westdale, Virgil: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002-06-30]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Chicago, Illinois ]]> World War II--Germany]]> World War II--European Theater--Central Europe Campaign--Liberation of Dachau Subcamps (522nd Field Artillery Battalion)]]> World War II--Military service--522nd Field Artillery Battalion]]> Westdale, Virgil: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002-06-30]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Chicago, Illinois ]]> World War II--Italy]]> World War II--Military service--522nd Field Artillery Battalion]]> World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Vosges--"Rescue of the Lost Battalion"]]> Religion and churches]]> Westdale, Virgil: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002-06-30]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Chicago, Illinois ]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--Military service--522nd Field Artillery Battalion]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Westdale, Virgil: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002-06-30]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Chicago, Illinois ]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Identity and values]]> Westdale, Virgil: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002-06-30]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Chicago, Illinois ]]> Military service]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Industry and employment--Agriculture]]> Westdale, Virgil: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002-06-30]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Chicago, Illinois ]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Education]]> Serikaku, Stanley: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 June 29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Chicago, Illinois ]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--European Theater--Rome-Arno Campaign (100th Infantry Battalion, 442nd Regimental Combat Team)]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Serikaku, Stanley: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 June 29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Chicago, Illinois ]]> World War II--European Theater--Rome-Arno Campaign (100th Infantry Battalion, 442nd Regimental Combat Team)]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Italy]]> Serikaku, Stanley: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 June 29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Chicago, Illinois ]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Serikaku, Stanley: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 June 29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Chicago, Illinois ]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training]]> Serikaku, Stanley: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 June 29]]> eng ]]> Oral Histories]]> Chicago, Illinois ]]> Sameshima, Hitoshi: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Sameshima, Hitoshi: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Sameshima, Hitoshi: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Japanese Americans--World War II]]> Military service]]> World War II--France]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Nisei soldiers]]> Hayashi, Oliver: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center ]]> 2005 October 05]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Los Angeles, California]]> Japanese Americans--World War II]]> Military service]]> World War II--France]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Nisei soldiers]]> Hayashi, Oliver: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher ]]> Go For Broke National Education Center ]]> 2005 October 05]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Los Angeles, California ]]> Japanese Americans--World War II]]> Military service]]> World War II--France]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Nisei soldiers]]> Hayashi, Oliver: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center ]]> 2005 October 05]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Los Angeles, California ]]> Japanese Americans--World War II]]> Military service]]> World War II--France]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Nisei soldiers]]> Hayashi, Oliver: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center ]]> 2005 October 05]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Los Angeles, California ]]> Japanese Americans--World War II]]> Military service]]> World War II--France]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Nisei soldiers]]> Hayashi, Oliver: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center ]]> 2005 October 05]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Los Angeles, California ]]> Japanese Americans--World War II]]> Military service]]> World War II--France]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Nisei soldiers]]> Hayashi, Oliver: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center ]]> 2005 October 05]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Los Angeles, California ]]> Japanese Americans--World War II]]> Military service]]> World War II--France]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Nisei soldiers]]> Hayashi, Oliver: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher ]]> Go For Broke National Education Center ]]> 2005 October 05]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Los Angeles, California ]]> Japanese Americans--World War II]]> Military service]]> World War II--France]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Nisei soldiers]]> Hayashi, Oliver: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 October 05]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Los Angeles, California]]> Military service--Post-World War II service]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Abe, Lewis: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 August 07]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Camarilla, California ]]> Military service--Post-World War II service]]> World War II--Germany]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Abe, Lewis: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 August 07]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Camarilla, California ]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Heart Mountain]]> World War II--Military service]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training]]> Abe, Lewis: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 August 07]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Camarillo, California ]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Race--Discrimination]]> World War II--Temporary Detention Facilities--Santa Anita]]> Abe, Lewis: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 August 07]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Camarillo, California ]]> Education]]> Identity and values--Family]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Military service]]> Abe, Lewis: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 August 07]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Camarillo, California ]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Onodera, Ken: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 August 20]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> West Covina, California]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--Military service--Military Intelligence Language School]]> World War II--Military service--Military Intelligence Service]]> Allied Occupation of Japan]]> Onodera, Ken: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 August 20]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> West Covina, California]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Manzanar]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> Onodera, Ken: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 August 20]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> West Covina, California ]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Social activities]]> Community activities]]> Onodera, Ken: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 August 20]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> West Covina, California ]]> Community activities--Associations and organizations]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Industry and employment]]>
After working for as a teacher for 40 plus years, he recalls on the experiences that forces him into early retirement. He gives advice for future generations about discrimination and succeeding.]]>
Hirose, Mutsuo: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 May 15]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> California ]]>
Social activities]]> Military service--Veteran history]]> Identity and values]]>
During Hirose's time in occupation there are many orphan children in Japan and he expresses his sympathy for them. Also during occupation, he recalls the relationship between the Hawaiian boys and Mainland boys.

After being discharge, Hirose goes to college on the GI Bill. He majors in International Relations and Business. He becomes a teacher for 40 plus years. He gets married and have one daughter. ]]>
Hirose, Mutsuo: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 May 15]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> California ]]>
Military service--Veteran history]]> Allied Occupation of Japan]]> World War II--Military service--Military Intelligence Service]]>
Post-war, Hirose goes to Japan for occupation. He passes a test and is assigned to the interrogation center in Tokyo. Hirose would sees other soldiers retaking the test several times and getting promoted whereas he never receives promotion within the military. He discusses his duties as an interrogator and his interrogation experiences. He pom pom girls and peeping toms.

]]>
Hirose, Mutsuo: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 May 15]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> California ]]>
World War II--American Concentration Camps--Granada (Amache) Amache, Colorado]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Tule Lake]]> Identity and values]]> Japanese Americans--World War II]]>
Since being relocated to different interment camps, he describes and compares the living conditions and meals provided. Tule Lake is known for the no no boys population. Hirose recalls the loyalty questionnaire and the riots that occurs due to the loyalty differences. After camp, he moves to Los Angeles to live with a Christian Minister and goes to High School. When Hirose turns 18, he receives a draft notice and decides to join the air force.




]]>
Hirose, Mutsuo: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 May 15]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]>
Law and legislation--Executive Order 9066]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Granada (Amache) Amache, Colorado]]> World War II--Temporary Detention Facilities--Santa Anita]]>
Hirose recalls going to Santa Anita Temporary Detention Center and then to Tule Lake Concentration Center. Before forced removal, Hirose's Father would help others in need. In camp and after camp Hirose experiences the gratitude of those his Father help. ]]>
Hirose, Mutsuo: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 May 15]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]>
World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath--Decision to incarcerate]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Identity and values]]>
Hirose recalls his Father wanting to make a future in the United States and his Mother wanting to visit Japan. When Japan invades China, Hirose participates in making care packages for the Japanese soldiers. He says he did this because of his Japanese heritage.

He remembers days after the Pearl Harbor attack. On December 24 Japan torpedoes a lumber ship. Hirose says the majority of the Japanese Americans at Manzanar Concentration Camp are from Terminal Island. Looking back, Hirose remembers facing discrimination during his school years.


]]>
Hirose, Mutsuo: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 May 15]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]>
World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Identity and values--American Japanese]]> Social activities]]>
Both of Hirose's parents are Issei. His Mother is a nurse in Japan before immigrating to America. His Father is a small time actor and participates in the Japanese Community in the United States. Also his Father writes haiku poems and receives an award from the Emperor of Japan. During wartime, Hirose's Father is picked up by the FBI for being part of the Japanese Community leaders. His Father is known for helping illegal Japanese immigrants who comes through the ports of San Pedro.




]]>
Hirose, Mutsuo: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 May 15]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]>
World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Motoyama, Jimmie: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 September 11]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Denver, Colorado ]]> Military service--Post-World War II Occupation of Japan]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Allied Occupation of Japan]]> Tamaru, Takuji: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Toyota: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 November 20]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Industry and employment]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Tamaru, Takuji: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Toyota: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 November 20 ]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> Allied Occupation of Japan]]> World War II--Military service]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Tamaru, Takuji: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Toyota: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 November 20]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Poston (Colorado River)]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Allied Occupation of Japan]]> Japan--Post-World War II]]> Tamaru, Takuji: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Toyota: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 November 20 ]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Poston (Colorado River)]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Tamaru, Takuji: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Toyota: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 November 20]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Military service--Post-World War II Occupation of Japan]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Tamaru, Takuji: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Toyota: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 November 20]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> Okinaka, Richard: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Okinaka, Richard: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Okinaka, Richard: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Okinaka, Richard: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Okinaka, Richard: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Industry and employment]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> World War II--Military service]]> Tsuida, Masayoshi: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 September 12]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> San Diego, California ]]> World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Vosges--"Rescue of the Lost Battalion"]]> World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Vosges--Bruyeres, Belmont, Biffontaine]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Tsuida, Masayoshi: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 September 12]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> San Diego, California ]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Identity and values]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training]]> Tsuida, Masayoshi: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 September 12]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> San Diego, California ]]> World War II--Military service--Discharge]]> Industry and employment]]> World War II--Casualties]]> World War II--Nisei soldiers]]> Race--Post-war treatment]]> Yamaguchi, Samuel: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 September 11 ]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> California ]]> World War II--Combat--Foxhole]]> World War II--Casualties]]> World War II--Medical care]]> World War II--Nisei soldiers]]> World War II--Combat--Weapons--Artillery]]> Yamaguchi, Samuel: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 September 11 ]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> California]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Poston (Colorado River)]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--Military service--Travel]]> World War II--Nisei soldiers]]> Yamaguchi, Samuel: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 September 11 ]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> California ]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Law and legislation--Executive Order 9066]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Poston (Colorado River)]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Living conditions]]> Japanese Americans--World War II]]> Yamaguchi, Samuel: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 September 11 ]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> California ]]> Education]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Industry and employment--Agriculture]]> Race--Race relations]]> Social activities--Sports]]> World War II--Military service--Recruiting and enlisting]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath--Personal recollections]]> Yamaguchi, Samuel: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 September 11]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> California ]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Allied Occupation of Japan]]> Military service--Post-World War II Occupation of Japan]]> Uchida, Toshiyuki: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 September 10]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Denver, Colorado]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training]]> World War II--Military service--Military Intelligence Service]]> Allied Occupation of Japan]]> World War II--Military and Government Entities--Counterintelligence Corps (CIC)]]> Uchida, Toshiyuki: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 September 10]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Denver, Colorado ]]> Identity and values--Family]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Minidoka]]> World War II--Temporary Detention Facilities--Puyallup]]> Uchida, Toshiyuki: narrator]]> Kinoshita, Kiyoshi: narrator ]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 September 10]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Denver, Colorado ]]> Industry and employment]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Kitada, Fred: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 June 26]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> West Covina, California ]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Kitada, Fred: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 June 26]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> West Covina, California ]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Kitada, Fred: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 June 26]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> West Covina, California ]]> Identity and values--Family]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> ]]> Kitada, Fred: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 June 26]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> West Covina, California ]]> Industry and employment]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Konno, Frank: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 June 26]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Konno, Frank: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 June 26]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Heart Mountain]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Konno, Frank: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 June 26]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Identity and values--Family]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--Temporary Detention Facilities--Pomona]]> Konno, Frank: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 June 26]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Education]]> Industry and employment]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Konno, Frank: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 June 26]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Awards, medals]]> Matsuura, Sam: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 May 16]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> Japan--Post-World War II]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Allied Occupation of Japan]]> Matsuura, Sam: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 May 16]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Matsuura, Sam: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 May 16]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Japan--Pre-World War II]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training]]> Matsuura, Sam: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 May 16]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> Identity and values--Nisei]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Industry and employment]]> Tahara, Nash: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 February 29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> World War II--Casualties]]> World War II--European Theater--Po Valley Campaign]]> World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate)]]> Tahara, Nash: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 February 29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate)]]> World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Vosges--"Rescue of the Lost Battalion"]]> World War II--France]]> Tahara, Nash: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 February 29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate)]]> Military service--Veteran history]]> Tahara, Nash: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 February 29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]>