1 100 35 https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/6df0487e3ee61e6a2d5055610af735e3.pdf 82389bfb49c084bbe7061f573136d372 PDF Text Text Go For Broke National Education Center Oral History Project Oral History Interview with Charles Nishimura, October 20, 1999, Las Vegas, Nevada INTERVIEWER: Okay we are interviewing Charles Nishimura. We are at the California Hotel, October 20, Las Vegas interviewing is David Yashigi, on camera Sunny Perez, audio is Scott Tarimura and cataloging is Bobbie Okeinaka. Sorry about that Blobbie. Okay, Mr. Nishimura could you please state your name. NISHIMURA: My name is Charles Nishimura INTERVIEWER: And can you tell us when you were born and where you were born. NISHIMURA: I was born you want my date and all those? Well I was born December 2, 1913. Place (Hawaiian city), Hawaii. It's a small plantation town. INTERVIEWER: Could you tell us about where you grew up? NISHIMURA: Oh I grew up in the plantation camp or plantation community where we had sugar plantations over there. And I went to the grade school. We had grade school over there. INTERVIEWER: Okay could you tell us a little bit about your family, your parents? NISHIMURA: Well my father came from Japan. First generation. He came from Japan. He came from a place, Hiroshima, Japan. And my Mom is a Hawaiian born, Island born so you can say that I'm half second generation and I say half third generation because my mother is Hawaiian born. So maybe you can say I'm part second, part third. (Laughs) INTERVIEWER: Okay, can you tell us about [02:00] your brothers and sisters? NISHIMURA: Well I have younger brothers, sisters. They all passed away when they were infants. And then I had a younger sister below me, still living. And I have another brother below me you was serving in the Korean War and he passed away about four years ago. INTERVIEWER: Did you get along with your brothers and sisters? Did you play with them? NISHIMURA: Well, only truthfully to say we had a very good communication and we had no troubles about family get to gathers and things like that. This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 1 of 44 �INTERVIEWER: What kind of things did you do with your brothers and sisters? NISHIMURA: Just, just what do you mean? INTERVIEWER: Well did you play baseball with your brother like that. NISHIMURA: Well I never played with my brothers what’s why it is sad because they were too young compared to my age. INTERVIEWER: Okay. So growing up in school, did you have any kind of sports or activities that you... NISHIMURA: You mean at school? Well, I use to play baseball and I use to participate in track meet but I wasn't too good in track meet so I made the team but I wasn't a star over there. (Laughs) INTERVIEWER: How about baseball? What position did you play? NISHIMURA: I use to pitch. And then before pitch and out in the field. INTERVIEWER: Okay. Did ah outside of school, what kind of things did you do? NISHIMURA: Just what do you mean outside of school? Do you mean community affairs and things like that? [04:00] Well, I use to go to Church. We had a Church organization. I use to participate in the Boy Scouts. I was as a Boy Scout Master for about 20 years. And I advice them for the junior what can I say about Church member, junior Church members. I was the advisor for them. Are you preparing to say that after I came back from the service or just before the service? INTERVIEWER: Hmm mostly---right now we can talk about mostly your before service NISHIMURA: Before service. I was a as I mentioned earlier I was a Scout Master for a small community for about 20 years. INTERVIEWER: You mention Church. What kind of a church was it? This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 2 of 44 �NISHIMURA: A Buddhist Church. INTERVIEWER: So ahm what church---what kind of activities did you have at Church? NISHIMURA: Well we use to have clubs and we use to travel to different communities for conventions to church affairs. Things like that. INTERVIEWER: You guys have dances? NISHIMURA: Dances? Well I can truthful say that we had ballroom dance. I think you understand ballroom dance. And in community we have ballroom dancing club. We use, we use to participate in different plantations for recreational purpose. Meeting [06:00] on weekends, Saturdays in different communities. INTERVIEWER: So did you like dancing? NISHIMURA: Well I can say I like my obon dancing. We had classy ballroom dancers so I was interested in ballroom dancing so we participated in that. INTERVIEWER: You ah you have any girlfriends that you use to go dancing with all the time? NISHIMURA: Well I wouldn't say I had a girlfriend but I had a partner that I could dance with her would say that we were close friends. Not particular girlfriend, just close friends. occasionally so I INTERVIEWER: Okay, how ahmm You said that you were Buddhist. Did your parents taught--teach you Buddhism or just was it just Church? NISHIMURA: Well my parents wasn't too active in church organization although they use to go to church, Buddhist. I guess since he came from Japan, I guess he brought that with him. And he use to go to the church at place call (Hawaiian city). And then we as a younger generation we formed a club over there a church club to help other people in Church affairs. So this is how we had a club. INTERVIEWER: Do you have a fond, a real fond memory of childhood that you really enjoyed when you were a child? NISHIMURA: What you mean ah? This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 3 of 44 �INTERVIEWER: Something that you remember you use to do a lot like ballroom dancing. NISHIMURA: I, I didn't get you. INTERVIEWER: Okay. Ahm well, did you do anything else other than baseball and ballroom dancing? NISHIMURA: Well as I mentioned [08:00] earlier I was a Scout Master for almost 20 years. And I use to part---I use to participate in the Union program too. We had a union I use to participate in the union program. INTERVIEWER: You were a scout master. Where you in the boy scouts before you were a scout master? NISHIMURA: What's that? INTERVIEWER: Were you a member of the Boy Scouts before ah NISHIMURA: Yeah I was. I was a member of the Boy Scout. We had a troop over there. We had a Scout Master and he use lead us as a Scout Mater. As the years went by I participated in the Scouts and then this is how I took over the being a Scout Master. INTERVIEWER: How far, how far in the Boy Scouts did you go? NISHIMURA: Do you mean, what do you mean by how far? INTERVIEWER: Did you become an Eagle Scout or? NISHIMURA: No, I didn't reach Eagle Scout. I was just, I just reach Star, I think but somehow I, I sort of gave up for awhile so this is how I didn't keep on going. But later on I found that I should help the younger boys to help them about scouting so I took interest on that and I thought I can try and help the younger people. And I was sort of appointed to be a Scout Master and so I continued for another 20 years. So this is how I earned my badge. It was called a Buffalo Badge. You know they have a badge after so many years, they honor you with a certain kind of badge they call it. This time they call it Buffalo you know. Therefore they have a higher rank. You serve many more years. But I happen to be only 20 years so they gave me the Buffalo Badge. [10:00] INTERVIEWER: Okay. That's great. What---how did you feel being Japanese when you were growing up? This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 4 of 44 �NISHIMURA: Well I didn't think nothing. I was born Japanese so I had to accept it. That's all I feel you know if you be one race you have no choice just be one of them. INTERVIEWER: When you were growing up did you think of yourself as being Japanese or as an American? NISHIMURA: Well in race I was Japanese. I cannot get away from that but I was an American citizen because I was born in the United States so I would say I was an American citizen. INTERVIEWER: Is there anything that you remember that your parents taught you about how you should be as Japanese or how you should be as an American? NISHIMURA: Well, the, you know, the Japanese people have a lot of (inaudible) being a Japanese citizen so they use to talk about it but then so how I felt I was more American citizen so I didn't think of Japan at the time. I was too young. INTERVIEWER: Did you ever experience any kind of prejudice when you were growing up? NISHIMURA: Hmm, not that I know about prejudice. In fact, we were too young to think about prejudice. You know we were too young to think about prejudice because in a small camp like ours we were all like a family whether you were Portuguese or Filipino or Japanese or---we all just like one. We didn't, we didn’t discriminate. We did separate ourselves. We always just together. INTERVIEWER: That’s great. [12:00] I wish it was always like that. So what what were your plans in life? When you got out of high school, what were you looking to do? NISHIMURA: I didn't get you. INTERVIEWER: What were---did you have any plans? Did you want to go do something after you finished high school? NISHIMURA: Well at that time nothing had entered my mind about the future. Maybe I felt well just accept what come along and then maybe through some of the experience I went through I like to be something but nothing enter my mind. INTERVIEWER: So what did you do after high school? What kind of jobs did you do? This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 5 of 44 �NISHIMURA: I didn't get you. INTERVIEWER: What did you do after high school? What did you do? NISHIMURA: I worked for the sugar company. I worked for the sugar company because I feel that was the only (inaudible) to find job in sugar plantation. Being small plantation like ours we don’t have such a business or things like that so sugar industry was the main industry. So most of the community people and the people over there worked in the sugar plantation. INTERVIEWER: Well what did you do in the sugar plantation? NISHIMURA: Well first after school, the plantation use to need boys the jobs harvesting the field. At least to give us some experience what is working like. We earn a few bucks. But not that actually trying to make money but at least we thought we like to work and have our barracks. That's how it was. And then we had no other future intention so [14:00] we just had to just be stuck with the plantation. (Laughs) INTERVIEWER: So what---so how did you enter into the military? How how did you become into the Army? NISHIMURA: Well I was drafted. When the first draft came out in 1940 I was one of the first to be picked in 1940 of December, December 10th. I cannot forget that date. It was my first experience going into the Army so I was kind of worry what this was all about. INTERVIEWER: So when you first got your draft notice, what did you think? NISHIMURA: I was (inaudible) why, why was I drafted? I didn't have no idea but I guess the United States government has something to think about in the future that something was coming up maybe about the War. I don't know. We had no idea. INTERVIEWER: What was your parents---what was their reaction when you told them? NISHIMURA: Well they were quite touched on that because I would say they were afraid why I was drafted. You know, something new that never happened about being in the United States Armed Forces. And this is something new the whole community was worried what was going on. But as a citizen, as an American citizen we had no choice but to comply with that and be drafted. INTERVIEWER: So there were others in your community that got drafted too? This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 6 of 44 �NISHIMURA: Well I tell you what there were several of them that was that had notice, draft notice and after going through the [16:00]check-up. You see they check you up and I was the only one picked among I would say about four or five people. I was the only one picked so I felt kind of lost. I was the only one picked. But for some reason maybe the other people that was suppose to go with me had some physical problem or something like that because the doctors had to check us out first. INTERVIEWER: So you were the only one from your town that NISHIMURA: At the time, yeah. INTERVIEWER: That went. NISHIMURA: Of course, later on more came in but I was the first draft. INTERVIEWER: So on the day that you had to go to your for your first day in training, did your parents say anything to you? NISHIMURA: Well the only thing they told me (inaudible) so do whatever you can do for your country and then go there and do your best. So I guess what they told me was right. You know, they feel I was one of the draftee that served in the United States Army. So go ahead and do it. Do your best. INTERVIEWER: So what was your first day of training like? NISHIMURA: What's that? INTERVIEWER: What was your first day of training like? NISHIMURA: First day of training, well I can tell you I was quite uncomfortable because this is something that I never went through in my life. Training for the Army. Something new to me and then I would say something very strange. Strange feeling and I thought I wondered why I was drafted. But then then thinking back, well the government need somebody to be in the service, [18:00] Armed Forces so I accepted and thinking well I have to learn it anyway. I have no choice. INTERVIEWER: Where did you go for training? This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 7 of 44 �NISHIMURA: Well I went to the Island of O’ahu. They call it Scholfield Barracks. I had my training there for 13 weeks. They follow the basic training na. The follow the basic training. And then after that they attached me to the National Guard. You know they had the National Guard so I was sent to the National Guard and I was sent back to the Big Island, Hawaii, where they had the National Guard. INTERVIEWER: So did you get to see your family and friends when you went back to the Big Island? NISHIMURA: Did I what? INTERVIEWER: Did you get to go and see your family and friends NISHIMURA: Yeah I had a chance to visit them because before???too far from???where we trained back in Hawaii INTERVIEWER: How old were you when you were drafted? NISHIMURA: I was 20 I think I was 28. 28. INTERVIEWER: And did you make friends when you were in basic training? NISHIMURA: Yeah. We did---I mean we met a lot of friends and then but it was interesting that I got to meet some new people. INTERVIEWER: Was it different meeting people from the other islands? NISHIMURA: What's that? INTERVIEWER: Was it different meeting people from the other Islands? Were they different? NISHIMURA: No I guess they were all human so they’re all the same. You know just make friends. I didn't find any difference from whatever island you go what other people you meet. INTERVIEWER: What kind of stuff did you guys do? You and your buddies? This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 8 of 44 �NISHIMURA: What's that? INTERVIEWER: What kind of things you and your buddies do when you weren't you know in training? [20:00] NISHIMURA: Well there was a lot of things of course. For one thing we use to play sports and our training area was about I would say about 20 or 30 miles from town, Honolulu area, so we use to catch a taxis or bus and go to town and then just browse around like any GI would do that. (Laughs) INTERVIEWER: Okay, what---let's go on to Pearl Harbor. How did you first find out what happened in Pearl Harbor? NISHIMURA: Well I tell you, we were training Hilo in that airport area. We were in the barracks that morning let's see that it was about 7:30 or 8 o'clock. We were reading the newspaper and of course we had the radio on and then all of a sudden they announce about Pearl Harbor has been bombed. Well we thought this some kind of jokes or something but later on the Commander came in our barracks and said "This is real now so get ready. This is real." So this is how we found out that they actually bombed, bombed Pearl Harbor. INTERVIEWER: So what did you feel when you found out that it is was real? NISHIMURA: When did I find out? INTERVIEWER: What did you feel when you found out it was real? NISHIMURA: You see all of a sudden you come to think "I wonder why they bombed Pearl Harbor?" We have no idea that our enemies would do that. We had no idea why they did that. We had no nothing to think about it. I don’t know we were just blank I guess. [22:00] INTERVIEWER: How did you feel about Japan? NISHIMURA: Ah I really don't know how I felt about that because after my parents came from Japan and this happened over here. They were wondering why did this happen anyway you know you just, we just you're lost. You don't know what to think about it. How did this happen? Why did it happen? We had no idea. Plus the government may be say something or something not right maybe this because this happened we don't know why it happened. It's a mystery but it happened so maybe we just have to accept it. INTERVIEWER: So what happened during that day you're Sergeant you said came and said get ready. What did you guys do? You had to go get ready, what, what This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 9 of 44 �NISHIMURA: Oh yeah. You know what boys. This is the real McCoy so get ready. We went out there, we have to protect our country out here. We said alright Sergeant so we got ready and went out in the fields. As the Captain said get ready anything can happen. But nothing happened. It was I guess they just bombed Pearl Harbor and just left. Nobody invaded us as far as that. So of course I we were ready any time. We get ready. The outfit was ready. And so we thought this is war. (Laughs) INTERVIEWER: What happened in the next couple of weeks right after Pearl Harbor? NISHIMURA: Well, we kept on guarding our area, just our area. Where ever we’re suppose [24:00] to guard that area and then get ready for anything that would happen. We didn't do no invading. We just stay put and guard the area, day and night. INTERVIEWER: So how long did that go on for? NISHIMURA: Well that went on for quite some time. Until we until it came the time the organized the 100th Battalion. That was sometime in June I think. What they did was they wanted all the Japanese boys to come to O’ahu and this was how the 100th was formed. We didn't know what was going on. We were outside in the vicinity guarding the shoreline. Trying to protect the Islands. Then we had a notice saying they want all the Japanese boys to get together and they we were sent to Honolulu. That's all we know. We did't know what was going on. INTERVIEWER: Did you go through having your weapons taken away? NISHIMURA: Yeah. They took all our weapons away, that I remember. We didn't get no weapons at all. We had weapons guarding the shore line and all the vicinity there. They took everything away from us. Maybe we feel they feel maybe it was safe. I don't know. We had no idea. All we wanted to do was take all those and they sent us to Honolulu. Then that's where the 100th was formed. Back there. INTERVIEWER: Did you have any personal feeling when they [26:00] disarmed you? NISHIMURA: Ah just what do you mean by personal feeling? Toward the government or individual or what? INTERVIEWER: Anything how did it make you feel? NISHIMURA: I don't what to say. I don't have any personal feelings because we didn't know what was going on. We just say well you boys ready. Get all the (inaudible) get together they said they were going organize the This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 10 of 44 �battalion called the 100th Infantry Battalion separate. That's all I know. Actually we don't know where we were going. INTERVIEWER: Did other people treat you differently after Pearl Harbor? NISHIMURA: What you mean other races or the ???family??? No I don't think we had any issue or things like that or you know they feel something toward us. In fact, they were quite worried about us where they were send us. And we didn't know where we were going. We just board the ship and off we went. (Laughs) INTERVIEWER: How about your parents? How did they feel about what Japan attacking Pearl Harbor? NISHIMURA: Well I tell you what, they didn't say a word about it. I don't know maybe they didn't want to say. They had, maybe they had no reason and they don't know why. I doubt I can only answer you is, is that they don't know why. It’s a big question why did this happen. Nobody knew what happen. Why is this happened? BEGINNING OF TAPE TWO INTERVIEWER: Okay so you got on a ship and you didn't know where you were going NISHIMURA: No we didn't have no idea where we were going. They won't tell---even if they knew it they wouldn't tell us I think. We just wondered where we were on the ship. INTERVIEWER: Before you left, did your parents say anything to you when they said goodbye? NISHIMURA: Well I tell you what, when we were shipped out from Hawaii to come to O'ahu, you know the Japanese boys were concentrated and shipped to Hawaii, we didn't have a chance to meet our parents. We just "boys get ready, you're going" that all, we went. All we did was go home and say "we're going out" to somewhere we don't know. Even if they knew, they didn't tell us. So we didn't even you know say goodbye to them. To us it was just like that. And where where I was training this is an area for (Hawaiian) plantation, the southern part of the Big Island. It's about 40, 30. 70 about 90 miles away so we didn't have any chance to go home and tell our parents. Then we went away. So, so it happened. INTERVIEWER: Who did you talk to when you called on the phone? Did you talk to your Mom or Dad? NISHIMURA: This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 11 of 44 �Well I called my parents we're just leaving. Where we don't know. So I told them don't worry we're in good hands. So they were satisfied. They (inaudible) in the United States Army, in good hands. So I told them don't worry of course you [02:00] tell them not to worry as a parent, you worry. As you can't get away. (Inaudible) as parents. I worry for my children. The same thing. I guess we all worry for some reason or another. So they got worry, I tell them don't worry that all. I told them don't worry. Keep healthy and I am coming back some day. To make them feel somewhat good. Relax you know. I don't blame them for feeling worried. INTERVIEWER: Did they have any words of advice to you or did they say anything to you? NISHIMURA: They said well go out and do what you can. Do what you can and then keep our of trouble. That's all. As a parent they always tell me keep out of trouble. (Laughs) INTERVIEWER: So on the way to you don't know where, NISHIMURA: No INTERVIEWER: What were you guys doing on the ship? NISHIMURA: What we were doing? Just nothing we can do but just sit around and then I guess talk story and then well I don't know what to say. Just sit around and then just wait until we reach our destination. (Laughs) INTERVIEWER: What kind of stuff do you talk about? NISHIMURA: You mean on the ship? You want me---I thought you were asking questions I wondered where they were sending us to and why they're sending out from Hawaii? We had no idea what was going on. But all we knew was that organized the 100th Battalion. So that's how the 100th was born in 1942, I think, was it. Yeah INTERVIEWER: So when you finally got to where you were going, where was it? Where did you end up? NISHIMURA: You mean when we first reached our destination? Huh? We landed [04:00] in Oakland. That's all I know. Then we caught a train and it took us about I think it was about 4 days I think and four nights and This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 12 of 44 �we end up in Wisconsin. You know, I can tell you one thing approaching Wisconsin, we happened to pass by a barracked with a lot of barbwires. So that came to our mind, are they sending us out to the Concentration Camp? Well, we saw the barbed wires. The another boy thought the same. And all of the sudden the train backed up. I think they couldn’t anybody call that where ahead where they wanted to go, they went into that place, that's what we think. They let the other train passed and then backed up and sent us to Camp McCoy. So we got off at Camp McCoy. So we knew then that we came there to train. Not to the concentration camp but when we saw the barbed wires. INTERVIEWER: Hmm. So when you first got to Camp, what did you think when you first got off the train? NISHIMURA: Well nothing came to my mind except maybe we came here for training, you know, we didn't even think that we were going to be sent overseas. Nothing has entered our mind about that. All we knew well boys this is the area you are going to train. That's all we knew. INTERVIEWER: What was it like there? NISHIMURA: What was. . . INTERVIEWER: What was it like in Wisconsin? NISHIMURA: Did I like it? INTERVIEWER: What, what, what was it like compared to Hawaii in Wisconsin? Was it cold or [06:00] NISHIMURA: Well, we were there in the summer time so it was the weather was pretty good. Summertime and then of course along came winter time and then we had we stayed in a small cabin in Wisconsin outside from the main barracks. The wind outside the main Camp McCoy and then later on after about October or November they they shipped us to a new area in Camp McCoy where they had a lot of barracks and all the things. Before that we use to stay in small tents in a small area where we had our training over there. And then maybe after the camp was, the new camp was going to send us over there in the barracks. So that was pretty good. We had nice warm barracks, heated barracks and things like that and just about time it was Christmas so from December then some snow start falling down. We just a good experience for the Hawaii boys. And this was the first time I witness snow. It was a good experience. INTERVIEWER: This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 13 of 44 �Did, did they keep you separate from everyone else in Camp McCoy? NISHIMURA: What? What do you mean by separate? INTERVIEWER: You said that you were in tents somewhere else NISHIMURA: Yeah. When we went to Camp McCoy, we stayed in the barracks and the whole company was staying in one barrack. Certain company certain barrack. Certain company certain barrack. (Hand motion to indicate each company had their own barracks) They had the barracks were pretty big barracks. They had what they called "heated" barracks and nice showers and things like that so it was alright. And the community was really nice to us. I mean you didn’t ask me about the community but the community was really friendly and nice to us. And we had no problem with the community. In fact, we were so close to them, that it was [08:00] oh I know when they found out we were leaving Camp McCoy for Camp Shelby, Mississippi, I think they wasn't too happy about it you know because we came so close to them. In fact, after we left there somehow we found out that this little town called Sparta. I don't know if I should tell you all this things or what. They had this big flood over there once with some heavy rain and bad weather. I think the 100th boys if I'm not mistaken, we collected some few boxes that we could get and send it to them to help those people to what the trouble they went through with all the flood. So they were happy about it. We wanted to do that but they were really nice to us. In fact, some of the boys were married to them after the war. They went married to the girls there. They made friends out there and they got pretty close and then they got married to some of the girls out there. (Laughs) That's how it was and then in fact some of the boys living up there. INTERVIEWER: How about you, did you make any girlfriends over there? NISHIMURA: Well I tell you, I had friends but you know just casual, just friends, go to the family house and spend Christmas and Thanksgiving with them. They were a lot of Germany people there too and the Germans were our enemy too. But at that time we didn't think nothing about racial, racial things. We were just all one. It was---I tell you people in Sparta was really nice. I know we really appreciated that and there was another town called La Crosse. It was a little bit bigger than Sparta. We use to go to La Crosse too. The city was a bigger city and we had more, more entertaining and fun over there. INTERVIEWER: What kind of things did you do in La Crosse? Entertainment you said. NISHIMURA: This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 14 of 44 �Well we either went to the movies. We had we go to roller skating. We didn't know how to roller skate [10:00] but when you're young guys we do anything. And there was a river boat over there. We use to go to the river boat on the Mississippi and go on the boat. And then we sail on the river. A lot of time recreation. INTERVIEWER: So did you ever experience any kind of prejudice from the people there? NISHIMURA: Well I tell you we didn't get any prejudice but you know once we went to a night bar not night club but just a restaurant over there and somehow some of the Texan division guys they use to us, you know, when they play that song "Deep In The Heart Of Texas" you have to stand up. Well we didn't like that. I thought we we were the same guys in the Army why should we stand up for that when they play the song, "Deep In The Heart Of Texas"? So, they got some misunderstanding and they, I think they almost had a bawl but somehow they stopped that. So I remember our Colonel heard something about it that we had some problems and then he gathered all of us together and said, "You know, you guys are only a Battalion. You cannot fight a regiment so keep away from those guys. (Laughs) Giving us a lecture. Of course, what he was trying to tell us is don't mingle with the make problems like that, you know. Just forget it because we were all in the same Army. I mean the same one so don't don’t feel that you (Inaudible) us. Just keep away from trouble. Well, I guess some of the Texas young guys were (inaudible) they was something like that, young. Surprised they (inaudible). Attempting to be acting. (Laughs) But that was then, we have no problems. [12:00] Of course, like anything else, you have problems sometime especially the young guys. (Laughs) They think they can hit the world. (Laughs) But generally speaking it was good. We had, we had a good relation with the Wisconsin people especially the little town of Sparta, Wisconsin. And there was a lot of town like Lake River Falls. A place called Durham. So we got to know all the small towns over there. INTERVIEWER: Did you feel---do you feel you had a good relationship with the other regiment? NISHIMURA: Well we didn't get to close to other regiments. The training area was separated and not together. So the only time we meet these people was in town. They go to town, we go to town and somehow you bump into each other. But, but we talk with them and only as I mentioned earlier they had one occasion about you have to stand up when they play that song, "Deep In The Heart Of Texas." I guess, I guess this young guys thought they were brave and then (laughs) but we kept we tried but we kept away because why do the fighting over there because we had to fight overseas. (Laughs) INTERVIEWER: So when you when you left Camp McCoy to go to Camp Shelby, what was it like saying goodbye to the people? NISHIMURA: This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 15 of 44 �Well it was pretty sad parting, uh. We told them well maybe we shouldn't tell them where we were going because those days it was a military secret. But somehow word got out they said we were going to ship us somewhere in the South. They didn't say what place but down the South. Some place in Mississippi, uh. So it was a sad parting but there's no choice we had. [14:00] We had to go. Of course they felt bad about it but then they said well when you got move, you got to go. Serve your country. So on that day we departed from there. Then we---shall I keep on talking? Then we went to Camp Shelby over there and then we had a maneuvers over there. We had a regular maneuvers went into the forest and things like that. The Mississippi and Louisiana area. But that maneuvers wasn't too, too fun because you run into a lot of problems. It was really, really training. In fact, I can tell you , can I say this? In fact one night I went out and happened to lie down on the grass over there. Just in the night. We just lay down any place. Before they use to tell us watch out for the snakes, chiggers and wood ticks. I don't know if you know about that. And the poison ivy. You heard about poison ivy? Well it happened that I happened to lie down on the place and I had to lean on the poison ivy. You know that thing got all over me, all into my body. I couldn't stand the itch so what they did was they send me to the hospital over there and I was standing there about 2 weeks trying to get rid of (inaudible) cure for the poison ivy. And what they do is you they don't give you medicine but what they do is give you a medicine bath. I took medicine bath in that tub. One hour for every day. So this is how they rid the poison ivy. I was told by the doctors if that poison ivy goes into your eyes that you get blind so I worry. But somehow it got cured and but that was how it was. So I didn't care much about Louisiana with all those snakes and wood ticks and all those things. [16:00] But that was part of the training maneuvers you got to expect anything in the maneuvers. So actually maneuvers was pretty rough. Just like going to a war. Only you, only you don't see the live admonition. Just blanks, blank ammunition. So that is one of the training we had. I don't know if the other boys told you that what but we had the training over there. INTERVIEWER: Did you have the same kind of relationship with the people around there that you did in Camp McCoy? NISHIMURA: Well I tell you what, it wasn't that close like Camp McCoy. But I don't why that somehow that Camp McCoy, I mean Wisconsin people were pretty nice. I want to revise this on this now, you know. I'm just comparing but it just happened that we enjoyed Wisconsin more than the people in Mississippi near Hattiesburg. They were nice to us. They accepted us. But I don't know if I should tell you this or what but then we didn't know about the discrimination over there. They had colored people and of course white people and then you think I shouldn't tell this you can wipe it out on the tape. We're into the theatres. We were separate from them. There was a sign over there Black and the White. We were considered "White." Well that really didn't cross our mind why did this happen? Why did we do those things to those people? We're all Americans. I think you heard about racial. That racial problem is maybe still going on. I don't know but it happened over there. To the people in Hawaii it was something that we didn't even think about it. [18:00] You ride in a bus, in Hawaii we use to go in the back seat so that we don't have to stand up for nobody. When the ladies come we This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 16 of 44 �didn't have to move, we were in the back seat. So we sat in the back. Then the bus driver said "Hey you guys, come in the front." Why I don't know. Then that's for the colored people in the back. Now if you think that's not I shouldn't talk about this, you can wipe it out on the tape. I'm just telling you what happened. When you think that's not right what I'm saying I will tell you can wipe it out. It was, maybe the children don't what to hear these things in the school. So you can wipe it out. Maybe the children, it's not you might poison the children in the school about racial things so I telling you but you can wipe it out if thing is not right. INTERVIEWER: Let me just say that you know we we weren't there in the South and actually we want to hear this kind of stuff because we want to know what it was like, what you went through. So you can go ahead NISHIMURA: Ah umm INTERVIEWER: So you tell us about it. NISHIMURA: But you think it’s alright that I should say these things for the children in the school? INTERVIEWER: Yeah I mean if we don't talk about it then no one knows how it was like. NISHIMURA: Ah umm INTERVIEWER: So that's why we are here. That's why we want to know about that kind of thing. NISHIMURA: So I don't want the public thing that why should I bring these things up of those days in the 1940's. Of course now you don't have that. Everybody is one now. Only thing is you have if you are racists, we have difference races all over the world. Germans, Japanese, American, Italians all that we have. But at that time they were discriminated. We (inaudible) from Hawaii we couldn't see that because we didn't have that back in Hawaii. This was something new we experienced. [20:00] Why this thing should happen? Why did it happen? We don't know. We couldn't even find out that answer. That's how it was. So to us something beyond our thinking but we had to comply with them because we were in the United States Army. And we were considered even though we were Japanese we were considered the White side. So they told us 'Hey you guys don't sit in the back, sit in the front". So we couldn't get over that. Go to the movie theatre, when we go to the restaurant it was all separated. Now I don't know if I should tell these things to you or you bring this into the classroom which might poison the children mind or they might treat them different so if you think this is not right, you can wipe it out. This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 17 of 44 �INTERVIEWER: Okay, okay. NISHIMURA: Now I'll leave it up to you now. If you think it’s not right to say these things only you didn't question me about this but I'm telling you what happened. If you think it is not right, please wipe it out. INTERVIEWER: Well actually take a break here. We’re ran out of battery here. NISHIMURA: Do you think but do you in your own opinion do you think it's good to bring it up before the class about these things that you know poisoning the children or saying so this is our country America had or what. INTERVIEWER: Go ahead and stop tape. Roll tape. NISHIMURA: Because I don't want to feel why should that guy say those things about the White people discriminating the colored people? I don't want to hear that. Because I think you know and I know that this really happened in the South. It really happened. I think you---I don't know if you read about it. Maybe if you were too young to know about it. But it really happened so that was kind of something new to us from Hawaii. Well (inaudible) Hawaii. Maybe some other part of the United States too that I know. [22:00] But to us from Hawaii well it was something beyond us. INTERVIEWER: Did---was there anyone that told you how it was going to be and what rules you should follow? NISHIMURA: No, not exactly. They didn't the people in the service you know the officers didn't mention to us about those things. They didn't tell us "Hey keep away from that". No, nothing had been said. We found out ourselves. As you leave for town, naturally we have passes. We went down for one day pass and well you can see it happening before your eyes. No one had to tell us. And we---and then I thought that was not right but then but maybe those things was I don't know what you call that. Make up rules ... Make up make up things that they did on their own. It wasn't a law see. I know it wasn’t a law. I don't think it was a law that they keep away from certain people. INTERVIEWER: Did you guys talk about what you saw there with you and your buddies you talk about it? NISHIMURA: This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 18 of 44 �Well sometime when you get together you say "Gee I wonder why this happen." What's going on? Well we talk about it. We don't know. Actually how this happened, what should happen this way. We don't know. This (inaudible) is something beyond our thinking, you know. But it happened those days and I'm glad it's not happening any more, you know, it’s not right. But we cannot condemn the United States government or the people that this happened. Maybe that was way back in history---from way back and this was going on. Maybe after the war, the war [24:00] things maybe have changed because they were drafted too, you know. They were American citizens now. They were drafter too like us. Not because there were people that were not drafted. They were drafted. They were all one only when you are in the Army you are all one. But in the civilian life maybe it was different. But as I mentioned earlier, you think that’s not right what I say you can wipe it out. I know I don't want to offend anybody, you know. INTERVIEWER: Well what about, hmm, the Internment Camps. When did you hear about that? NISHIMURA: Well after we----we were training over here. Up from the Mainland, we heard our friends wrote to us from Hawaii. Oh your school teacher, I know this school teacher, my (inaudible) school teacher went to the concentration camp. Oh that was shock to us. Why they were sent there because that was how it was. The Japanese school teachers from Japan they knew very few things about Japan history and things like that so they thought that they might inform Japan government what's going on. So to be on the secure side they concentrate all these citizens from Japan. They were not American citizens. They were from Japan so they were Japan citizens. So maybe that's concentrate and all these kind, the reverends, the priests, the high priest and the school teachers and some of guys that had the top post in Hawaii, Japanese top post guys, they concentrate and sent them to camp. They made sure they didn't make any more troubles. Which they didn't make any trouble. Or they wouldn't make any trouble. And my school teacher was one of them. He was in the Jerome [26:00] Arkansas So I told them to give me his address. You know they use to write home to their families. So they give me their address and what I do I bought toothpaste and some other things and commodities I use to send to them. You know, I felt sorry maybe they didn't get the things they wanted so. We use to send---I use to send through service through the mail. And they were happy. They sent us thank you letter and all that too. So I use to write to them while you in there, be cool headed, you know, don't try anything rowdy. Just stay there and take orders and then keep quiet and just be one of them and be good people. And I I guess from what heard they didn't get any problem when they were there in the camp. You know, I don't know maybe some other camp in California or some other places they had problems but these people in Arkansas in Jerome they didn't get any problems. I'm glad about it. INTERVIEWER: Did you ever go to visit a camp? NISHIMURA: This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 19 of 44 �No I didn't have a chance. We didn't get a chance to get out and go visit them. We didn't have the time. If we had time only one day pass and you cannot make it in one day. So I wanted to go but you couldn't make it. INTERVIEWER: Did you have any idea what it was like in the camp through the letters that you got from your teacher? NISHIMURA: What they what? INTERVIEWER: Did you have, did your teacher give you an idea what it was like in the camps? NISHIMURA: No. They didn't say anything that you know bothered us, no. No, they say well they're just going through their regular daily life. And then I guess the government see to it that they were fed well and things like that. [28:00[ They didn't know. No problems as far as that. That's that’s what they wrote. Even if they write they had in mind, they couldn't write that. Maybe they had something in mind but they didn't write the idea but they didn't write that to us. So we cannot say what they were thinking. But they told us they were alright. They were treated well. For that reason obviously they were prisoners but they were treated well in those camps I guess. Even the prisoners that were captured during the war they were treated really well. You know when you were overseas there was a lot of prisoners everywhere a lot of Germans and Italians oh American treated them well. Treated them better than us. They gave them food, clothing. (Laughs) You know you cannot discriminate against the prisoners because they were prisoner. They were treated well. I guess our prisoners were treated well too. Because a lot of our boys were entered the prison camps too. They were captured. BEGINNING OF TAPE THREE INTERVIEWER: Okay so what was your first encounter with the 442 boys? NISHIMURA: When? INTERVIEWER: Oh what happened when you first? NISHIMURA: Oh. Well I tell you when I came to Camp Shelby since I had that that that poison ivy on me, I, I stayed in the hospital about two days just to see that I get free to join my, my boys in the service, right. So I happened to see some of the boys from Hawaii looking at gee these young boys in the service now. I didn't know that this particular boy was in the service too. Because when we left Hawaii, I never dreamed that this particular guy would be in the service and he was in the service with 442. So in my heart I This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 20 of 44 �thought gee how young these boys are. But then I guess he volunteered too. You know most of the boys volunteered in the 442. I think I heard about it, yeah. Oh that's all right. I like to serve my country. We would talk. More questions come up about back home. See I just came back from Hawaii and naturally we like to ask questions about our parents and our friends back home. So most of our stories were interesting over there talking about Hawaii. Nothing about the Army. All about Hawaii, my friends, my family and all those community people. So it was interesting for me. I really enjoyed the short time we talked to them. Now we didn't get too much time because they had their own training area and we had separated then. So from that I hardly met them. Then in the meantime they shipped us out. And they stayed back for more training. INTERVIEWER: Okay well why don't you tell us when you were shipped out. [02:00] NISHIMURA: What? INTERVIEWER: Tell us about when you got shipped out. Did you get to say goodbye to. . . NISHIMURA: Well I think, I think the other boys told you about it too but we were sent to New Jersey, a place called Camp Kilmer. I think ???other boys??? did the same thing. You asked the same question. We went to Camp Kilmer in New Jersey. Where we were going? We didn't know. I didn't know nothing about where we were going. Maybe somebody knew about it but they didn't whisper to us. Even if they whispered to us, they only think not sure. They think. Think is another thing now. You can go any place in the world. Of course we thought well we were going to go overseas anyways. So we were in the boat and I think it took us about a little over one week on the boat. I'm not too sure about that but anyway I don't know if I should keep on telling you where we landed. Is it all right to tell you where we landed? Or do you want to question me. INTERVIEWER: Just go ahead. NISHIMURA: Okay, we landed at Oran, Africa, Oran. I don't even know if the other boys told you that or you questioned them about that. You remember questions them about that? INTERVIEWER: Well we, we want to hear how you, you thought about. . . NISHIMURA: Oh we landed in Oran, Africa. The Southern---Northern part of Africa. We stayed there about 2 weeks to get things ready to go to, to Italy, yeah. To get ready to go to Italy. In another words they start training over there to adjusted with the country, and the foreign country and the feeling over there ah? So we stayed there for about 2 weeks. It was good to say "Oh, I'm in Africa now." (Laughs) I've never been to Africa but I'm in Africa. So we stayed there 2 weeks about 2 weeks. Then we start sailing across the Mediterranean there and there we went to finally Italy. This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 21 of 44 �INTERVIEWER: What let me go back to Africa [04:00] really quick. What did it look like? I've never been to Africa. NISHIMURA: What did it look like? Well like any other country. You know like any other country and people dress different. They live different and then I exactly just don't know what to say about that. Because they're different people, no? I never saw that kind of people before. But we kept to ourselves. We did mingle with the civilians. We had our own area. We stayed there. And then we had fun a little while over here in town and then just what we can find, huh. And then I can tell you from own experience once we went outside for training and we then we came to an orchard of grapes. I don't know if I should tell you this or what. And you know how how we like our fruits huh? We saw grapes hanging there so we went there to eat the grapes which it was really good. Then you know what happened? (Laughs) There was a watchman over there. He saw us going there. He start shooting at us. (Laughs) Trying to tell us get out from there so we just took off. (Laughs) We didn't want to get shot. (Laughs) But you know when we're young and we see something that you think oh we can try some, you go pick it, you know, be young. What's a few grapes we eat? So we ate and I don't know if the other boys did but I ate the grapes. So we stayed there about 2 weeks to get ready, to get organized. Gave us some low down what is war like. Things like that. INTERVIEWER: What, what did they tell you when they said what war was like? NISHIMURA: They said you know this is war now. This is real, real McCoy. You are going to war area and that's all they told us. So just get prepared that's all. They didn't want to scare us you know. They said just that it was the real thing [06:00] now. That we trained you in maneuvers. So now this is the real thing so well we had that in mind well this is what we trained for so we sailed right into the ???Midland??? for the first time. INTERVIEWER: What was it like when you got to Italy? NISHIMURA: What you what? INTERVIEWER: What was it like when you got to Italy? NISHIMURA: What was it like? Well I don't know what to say but we hardly met civilians. We hardly met civilians so it took quite a while before we had a chance to go to into Italy town and then meet some Italian people. I don't know what they thought about us. They didn't know, they even know who we were I think. I don't think they've seen any Japanese people. So they didn't know who we were I think. And there Italy was our enemy, right? Italy and then Germany were our enemies, right? But you know in my mind and their mind I don't think they hated us or didn't like us over there. Even if they don't like us but it was war. INTERVIEWER: This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 22 of 44 �So when you got to Italy what did you have to do over there? NISHIMURA: Well first of all they lectured us about what is all around the war. How to act. What to do and things like that. They give us the low down what it is to be in a regular combat area. So that gave us a general idea and of course as time went on we learned more and more what was it was like to be in the frontline. In the maneuvers sure it’s training but in war it’s a lot (inaudible) of real McCoy now. The real thing, huh. Either you get shoot or you shoot back either way so that's another thing. It's not maneuvers anymore. It's not blank shots. [08:00] So I can tell you something, I was, I speak to you, we were all scared, you know. Because some guy says he’s not scared, he’s lying. We're all scared. You don't want to get shot so this is what entered our mind, huh. But we don't tell our friends I’m not scared or afraid. We're ashamed to tell those things. After we're there for possible we defend our country. So we don't say those things but in our mind, in my mind, I was afraid. I'm not ashamed to tell that. And that is a true fact that I think all the boys was afraid. They won't tell you that because that's the real McCoy. But we have to defend our country so we have to do it so. INTERVIEWER: You okay with the mike there? Off Camera: (inaudible) INTERVIEWER: Pause real quick. I'm sorry. Okay so how long was it before---when you got in Italy, how was it before you first went into combat? NISHIMURA: How long what? INTERVIEWER: How long did it take before you first went into combat? NISHIMURA: Oh you mean when you first landed there at. Oh gee, ah I cannot remember. Maybe a few days, maybe a few days. We didn't go right away in the frontline you know. What we have to do, we have to be organized. To say what you are going to do and how to go about and then get the guys oriented. What area you are going to fight. What place you are going to fight and all those things so we didn't go to the frontline right away. You know they just, they just don’t throw us in the front, you know. We go back and organize and then they start to go to the front. Many times I didn't know where I was going. You just walk. We go by truck. Just keep on going. I know I did a lot of walking. That's what they said, that's what they said the Infantry is walk. INTERVIEWER: [10:00] What was the first campaign? The first combat? Where was that? NISHIMURA: The first combat gee. I don't know. I don't know even what the other boys told you or what but then. Hey I'm sorry but I cannot remember the names boys, too long ago. I know some towns but the first This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 23 of 44 �combat area I I cannot remember unless it's Caserta. We landed in Caserta I know. That area already maybe Americans took that area that area Caserta. Caserta is the Southern part of Italy. And from there they moved on in to Italy. Towns and cities, huh. Naples and all those places. INTERVIEWER: What did it look like when you got there? NISHIMURA: What do you mean? INTERVIEWER: What did it look like? Did you see battles had been fought there? NISHIMURA: Well you could see some battles cause here and there. The buildings bombed down. And we see some tractors bombed out and things like that. But you can see that war was going on huh. INTERVIEWER: What did you think when you first saw that kind of damage? NISHIMURA: Well I was thinking why should this happen, eh? But that’s war for you. (Inaudible) I cannot, I don't want to say. INTERVIEWER: I know NISHIMURA: You know, even if Italy was our enemy, you felt sorry for those citizens, you know. They didn't have a decent house but by the time the house broken down with the bombs and all that. If our bombs is not broken, the Germans are threatening you see. That is what happened so I don' want to say on that. INTERVIEWER: Let's, let's go to the first time you were under fire, what, what was that like? NISHIMURA: Well it wasn't a good feeling, no. I can tell it wasn't a good feeling. [12:00] You know the light stuff is coming in but then it's one of those things that you cannot say "don't shoot." (Laughs) So it's war so you're gonna have to face it I go forward that's all. INTERVIEWER: Was it in a town? Was it in hills? What, what did it look like where you were? NISHIMURA: For, for we went through some towns too and some hills no. Walk the hills and walk up the hills and things like that you know because Italy is mountainous country so we use to go a lot of hills up there and try to chase them out. Unfortunately in the meantime some of boys were wounded and killed. We seen a lot of boys got killed and wounded things like that. This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 24 of 44 �INTERVIEWER: The first time you saw one of your friends get wounded, what did you think, how did you feel? NISHIMURA: I think my God, I wondered was this real? You know you see wounded, I've seen wounded guy got hit in the German they call it artery shell drop by him and I saw his arm was all shattered. When I saw that I was thinking this must be real. It's not maneuvers any more. But you cannot be thinking about that. You just have to go forward and of course the wounded would be taken care of. It's no time to say "Boy, I pity him" or this or that because I might get it one day myself. You feel sorry for him but I know him personally. If you know someone personally you feels, it brothers you more. Before you feel sorry for the others too, they’re our comrades, yea. The person you know personally, you come from the same home town, it touches you, you know. We grew up together. I saw this guy all wounded in the arm [14:00] so I think he was sent back I'm not sure but we go forward and they were sent back. INTERVIEWER: How long did that first time, the first time you were under attack, how long did that last? NISHIMURA: Oh wow. You know there are times that maybe for two days we keep on fighting, go forward and then maybe we rest for another day. Day off. You know you have to rest awhile, change of clothes things like that. Take a shower, bath. There's times sometimes we don't take shower or bath. Many times we sleep with our shoes on. Anytime the enemies might come around, yea. That's how it was. You know when you are up in the frontlines it's not like a home, you know. (Laughs) It's not like a home. You have to face the weather. You have to face the enemies or whatever comes you have to face it. Well we got to expect that anyways. INTERVIEWER: What, what was the weather like at that that first time? NISHIMURA: Weather, well it wasn't too bad at the time but gradually when you came to winter months it was kind of chilly. I know we use to go to the mountains. There’s a lot of mountains in Italy and there was a lot of snow around there. So what we use to---I use to get the snow and put in my canteen so we have some water to drink. Of course, they use to give us water but sometime they run short so we use to ???corner??? the snow, mash it up in our helmet and make it into water and pour it in our can. I don't know how clean that is but we drank it. (Laughs) INTERVIEWER: How about food? NISHIMURA: Huh? INTERVIEWER: How was the food? NISHIMURA: This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 25 of 44 �Food? Food INTERVIEWER: Yeah NISHIMURA: Oh we had what they call it C-rations. I don't know if the others guys told you about the c-ration. It's a can good you know. They serve it for breakfast, lunch, dinner you know all the stuff concentrated. They found (inaudible) come on in cans. You know in the end we got so use to eating that we [16:00] came to like it. We had no choice. We came to like it. And then called another k-rations. K-rations was a little bit better. They had chewing gum. They had cigarette. They had some dessert in there. A little bit than c-rations. Then they had another ten in one. Ten in one means that concentration in box is enough for ten people. That's why they call it ten in one so ten people in one company. So that was good, lot of things inside there. And then some of the boys carried stove, a small stove so they can heat up coffee or tea or whatever. So as far as food wise we were like well furnished. We didn't starve. And there were times we had to rest. They gave us a break at times maybe two or three days, gave us rest. Then they had an overnight kitchen over there​, ​soup. It was a kitchen and the cooks over there cook and they give us pretty hot meal, hamburgers and things like that which was good. I remember, I don't know if I should tell you this but we were marching once in the dark. We were in the frontline. We hear a jeep coming up forward. We didn't know why the jeep was coming up and they told us those on the right side put out your left hand. Those marching on the left side, put out your right hand. Then toward the jeep, the jeep in the center. The guys goes from this side and put out your hand. One of the jeep guys working there throw a big hamburger on your hand. So we eat that and we keep on going. That hamburger tasted good. (Laughs) You put out your hand and they put a hamburger on your hand. Oh that was one of the experiences I went through. You know when you are in the frontline, you're not ???home, not??? luxury. [18:00] INTERVIEWER: So do you remember what the next campaign you went to after your first few battles? NISHIMURA: No, I the only campaign was in Italy. There were no other places. I was wounded already so some of the boys went up to France, I think. I think they went up to France they said you heard about the Lost Battalion, yeah? They went there. I didn't reach there because I was wounded. The furthest I went to was to you heard about the leaning Tower of Pisa, huh? In Italy? I went pretty close to that. I think (inaudible) the town. They came over there. When I heard they came over there, I went down to see my friend from Big Island, from Hawaii but I couldn't find him because too many of them over there. So I did get a chance to talk to them. In the meantime they sent me back to Hawaii because I was wounded. INTERVIEWER: Okay let's go back to when you were wounded. That was at the Battle of Casino? NISHIMURA: What about Casino? INTERVIEWER: That's where you were wounded? This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 26 of 44 �NISHIMURA: Yeah. INTERVIEWER: Why don't you tell us about what happened there. NISHIMURA: Well that was early in the morning they told us to get ready we're going up there. Concentrate on Casino. Casino was plan problems there. I heard about ???morning??? stairs there they have a nice (inaudible) on the hill, Casino Hill. But the Germans were bombing over there. Thinking that the allies were using that as a fortress. They were bombing that place. In fact, our planes were bombing there because they were thinking the Germans were using that as a fortress. So I think they bombed there too. Yeah they bombed there first. They were there first. Then they chased them out. In the meantime we were on the flats trying to go back in and chase them out. [20:00] On that morning I remember there was a Major Jack Johnson. I don't know if you heard about him. He was a Kauai boy. He was Major. When you up post there was a canal over there. And there was ladder going up to the flats over there. He said, "Come on boys, come on boys get going". This was early in the morning. It was pretty dark there. About 5 or 6 o'clock in the morning. Well we come out the days are shorts so in the morning it was still dark. So we climbed up the ladder and went to the flats. Then after going down to the (inaudible) we had orders to pin down. Don't move because they were just concentrating (inaudible) they were just watching us. I think they knew we were coming there, you know. So they were watching us. And sure enough they were, they were watching us. They were shooting at us. Well I don't know even if I told you this or what. That place was full of trees. You call it olive trees. You know in Italy they had a lot of olive trees, you know. I don't know if you heard about it. All the olive trees. Well I think these guys were expecting our troops, the allies coming through there. You can see them under the trees. They cut all the trees down to expose. See how smart they was. And they kind of flood the area too to make it visible for us. Whatever we had to go so we had to keep on going. Then they were shooting at us and we were, we had others, pinned down don't move already. Because it was almost suicide. Then I think it doesn't make any sense to go (inaudible). They were just watching us from the top. So we were pinned down. They said don't move so we had orders to don't move so we were pinned down. Lying down still. [22:00] But it so happened the Germans cut all the trees over there so we would be exposed, huh? Nothing to conceal us. Well I thought the only way I can protect myself not just lie down. I saw this tree stump about this high. But the Germans, the Germans they're smart people. You can tell they’re smart. You have to give them some you know credit for being so smart. You know Germans you heard about Germans they're smart people too you know. Well the part there they weren't too smart I think. What's what I think. You know why? They didn't cut this thing way down. The stump. They cut about this high. So what I did I was told don't move so what I did I went to the stump, I hide my head on the tree stump. (Put hands over head) I had my body exposed. Well if you get shoot in your body you get chance to recover you know. But on your head that's all, you're finished. So I thought I was ???sit??? my head and myself by the tree trunk. Well it didn't take too long I think the Germans spotted me. The sniper spotted me and hit me in my back. So I was wounded. I was lying there all day. I think about 5 o'clock in the afternoon. It was already 5 o'clock just (inaudible) down. Then one of the medic people came by and he picked me up. Of course This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 27 of 44 �you could kind of walk around because it was getting dark already so he took me back to they called it the Field Hospital. They had a small, temporary hospital for wounded people so they took me over there. And you know when I first went there, I was really shocked to see Major Johnson our commander dead. They usually when they do that they put a tag over here (Points to chest) with your name on it. And I looked [24:00] Major Johnson, he was dead. How he was killed I don't know. And that morning he was telling us to "come on boys, come on boys." And that afternoon, he was dead already. He was a Kauai boy. Major Johnson. Jack Johnson. He was a football playing for Hawaii. So you know I---you feel bad about it. And from there I was sent to the hospital. I stayed in the hospital I think about over a month. Yeah almost two months. INTERVIEWER: You said you were lying there for all day. How, how long were you lying there? NISHIMURA: Well I tell you you evaded there in the morning about 5 or 6 o'clock, about 6 o'clock I think or 7 o'clock. I stay there are all day. I had no choice. They told us don't move. That was orders we had. It was a free shoot if you move. Then I know a boy from the Big Island a place called ???(Hawaiian city)??? and I knew his name Jack Takata. I cannot forget that because we were from the same island, yeah. I think there was a barn house you know they had a barn over there. They had a barn. He thought himself he could hide behind the barn to be more safe. But they told us don't move but he thought he could stand up and run there and hide behind that barn be more safe but it was that was a big mistake. When he stood up to run they mowed him down. And I saw that and I felt real bad. Luck some of the boys didn't see that but I happened to be nearby so I saw that. And then when I went back home I couldn't tell the family about it you know. It is hard to tell this story to the family how he died yeah. So I didn't tell them. I didn’t tell them. So, you know just say that he was killed that's all. You know you don't want to hear how that actually happened, yeah. But if you tell them he was killed that's it right there. How he happened, the family don't know it [26:00] it was one of those things. So that’s how it was in Casino over there. Casino was a pretty big fight over there. I don't know if you read about it or hear about Casino but that was it. They had some force---they had some other troops in different area but ours was on the area that. BEGINNING OF TAPE FOUR NISHIMURA: This is something I want to tell you but I don’t know if you want to hear. INTERVIEWER: No, go ahead, go ahead. NISHIMURA: Well I want to tell you something when I was in the hospital. Is this thing on already? INTERVIEWER: Yeah. NISHIMURA: This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 28 of 44 �I was in a place called Caserta. I think it was Caserta. I cannot remember which was a pretty good hospital over there. A civilian hospital but during the war I think the Army took over so we went in there. And during the time somehow you heard of Mont Vesuvius in Italy? It happened to erupt. Oh we had a wonderful view from the hospital to see that thing spouting up. So in a way I was happy that I could see the nice volcano erupting you know the volcano, it was really nice. So my stay in the hospital was pretty good because I something to see. And then of course the civilian people would come around and talk nice to us. They wanted to cheer us up I think. But they came around and talked to us and I tell you, the nurses were nice to us (laughs). And we had some pretty good nurses there. We got pretty friendly with them. And they took us, they took good care of us. So we had no problem about staying in the hospital. That we had a nice warm meal. Not like staying in the frontline. Nice warm meal all the time. So the stay in the hospital was pretty good. I wouldn't say it wasn't prefect or 100% but good enough for us GI's. (Laughs) INTERVIEWER: Let me go back to when you were wounded, you said that you were sitting there all day what what were you thinking about when you were. NISHIMURA: Well I tell you when I was thinking how long should I stay here like this wounded and what if I bleed to death. It came to my mind. But I think I was fortunate it didn't bleed too much after I was shot, you know. But when I was shot I couldn't feel it. Funny thing you don't feel it [02:00] you know. That thing my back came numb because of the bullet wounded. Maybe because it became numb. I don't know what caused the numbness. I was touching over here. I could feel it but it was kind of numb. Maybe it hit the nerves or something, yeah? So but I have to stay there anyway. I couldn't move. I sent they sent me back to the Field Hospital and described to me you got to take off your jacket. I think we have to check up and give you a temporary fix up there. I took off my jacket. I was surprised my jacket was ripped right through. You know there was a bullet rip all the jacket and my body. Just like a knife cut my jacket. I was surprised how the thing could cut the jacket. And I fold it and took my jacket, they patched me up. Stopped me from bleeding, huh. But I didn't pass out you know. I didn't pass out. Even though I bleed a lot but I didn't pass out. And so right there they patch me up and they send me to the regular general hospital. So I went there check up and took me to the operating room right away to patch me up or something. Patch me up they gave me all kind of stuff pass out. After I got out there they sent me to the bed. I was in the hospital and the doctor came to talk to me. He said you know soldier how are you feeling? I said well I guess I'm all right. I'm talking to you. He laughed. I was going to tell you something but don't don't be scared now. Don't be scared. If that thing went half inch more below it hit my spine bone then I would be paralyzed. He said you were lucky, it didn't go to deep. ​ ​ I was relieved. I said by godly just a little bit low I would be paralyzed. You know he did spinal I would be paralyzed. So that’s what he told me. He told me that because I was on the safe side already. If it was bad he wouldn't tell me that, no. [04:00] But he knew that I was going to recover. It didn't affect my spinal cord. He said when you have chance you won't be paralyzed. you can have a natural life. So it made me happy. That's what the doctor told me. INTERVIEWER: So did it have---did your injury effect you right afterwards? Could you walk around? NISHIMURA: I could walk around. I was advised to walk around. Don't just lie down in the bed. Walk around to sort of maybe exercise the body and sort of getting to numb and too stiff, huh? Got to make them flexible. So he told me to walk around so I use to walk around the whole hospital. Walk around the hospital grounds. This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 29 of 44 �And there was some shops over there we use to go to the shops and they had a lot of things there. And then several times they told us well you know it boring to stay in the hospital all of the time. It’s boring so they supplied us with some transportation to visit in town and look around which was good, you know. Something like an excursion. So we use to walk around and what was the place, look for fruits and things like that. I didn't get to eat any kind of food but I use to like the fruits. They had you, you heard about persimmons. Yeah they had a lot of persimmons in Italy. You know the Italians use to call it kaki too. But you know I told them they were both kaki. The Japanese words kaki, huh. I don't know if you heard about it the word kaki, persimmons. It's a word the Happanese. We heard it from the Happanese. Japanese. Happanese called them kaki so they called it kaki too. So they called that kaki. So that's all they eaten. We enjoyed eating the kaki and then they had a lot of [06:00] Japanese chestnuts kuri. You know kuri, chestnut. Oh that was good. They had a lot of them. Chestnut trees. So we use to enjoy a lot of fruits over there. And they had other fruits too. Lot of other fruits. And then while we were in Italy right I forgot to tell you about that I don't know if I should tell you this but then. When you are in Italy they understand we have a break. They don't know after you stay in the front, you come back and give you a break to wash up and things like that. Well we stand in a camp over there, and there was a lot of onions The Italians were noted for planting onions. You know the ones with the bulb on it. They call it ???Chip bola, chip bola??? They use to harvest that and pile it all in one place. So we knew about it. And we had this thing called c-rations and k-rations that we could cook with that vegetables. So we use to go steam some onions. We use to go on the jeep and trailer. Full it up with that onion. Bring it back and to the boys. (Laughs) So we had fresh onions all the time. And the Italians didn't mind. They just help us out. INTERVIEWER: After, after you got out of the hospital, what happened? NISHIMURA: After I got from hospital, I was sent to a place called Anzio. That was further North, in the North. I stayed at Anzio for awhile. That, that I was really unfortunate. The wound started bothering me again. After the doctor released me and join our troops over there, combat troops. Went to Anzio and it start bothering me so I report to them about my wounds bothering me. So they had a field hospital, temporary hospital with tents, eh. [08:00]. And you know they had you know those Army cots, temporary cot so you can fold it. Instead of having it on the ground like this, they dug a hole the size of a combat on the cot so you can sit down. Sleep on ground level. I thought that was a funny way of sleeping on the bunk. But they had their reason for that. You know the Germans were concentrating on the three hospitals. They're not suppose to bomb the hospital but this is sometimes by mistake or on purpose we don’t---they bomb the hospital which is not right. Because by law you cannot bomb the hospital with people in there in the hospital. Even if they didn't mean it sometimes they might for sure . To make sure they did that. So then the bomb drop down the shrapnel go this way (Spread arms outward) It don't go this way (Arms moving inward). It goes out this way (Arm going outward). I don't know why is that. So if you are high on the cot, the shrapnel will hit you. They say if you are down ground level, it don't hit you. So this is why instead of ground level, I was almost eating dirt, ground level. That's how it was. So those are the experiences we went through. And I stayed there for about 2 weeks. After I got well they send me to the frontline again with the boys, huh. Then it didn't take long the 442 boys came inside. The full troops came from the Mainland to join us. They were regiment, huh. So I think the 100th joined them and called them a regiment now. So the 100th joined them. So there was the 100th with only a few boys left. So they figure maybe they join the regiment. Concentrate on one. That's how it was. This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 30 of 44 �INTERVIEWER: Where were you when the Four, Four, Second ah 442 came? NISHIMURA: Where what? INTERVIEWER: Where were you, were you with the 100th when the 442 came? NISHIMURA: Yeah. I joined the 100th [10:00] I was feeling pretty good. They released me and I joined the brigaded to join them in the frontline. Then for some reason they found out I wasn't capable to enough for the frontline because this knee was bothering me. I told them about it. It still bothered me so they checked me up again and they said, "No, we're going to send you home." Well I was happy in a way too but I don't know I don’t mind going to the front. you know. I told them that. "No that's orders, we're sending you home." So they sent me back, the assembly area where all the boys were suppose to be sent home. All there were plenty of them going home. They me over there and then they just don't take you all at one time. They go by alphabet. A, B, C, they came as far as M. I'm N now huh. They came to M and stopped over there. The A-M all going first. I was so disappointed that I had to wait another two weeks. Mine is N huh. So I waited another two week and then I had a chance to come home. (Laughs) So that is the last time that I left Italy. INTERVIEWER: Did you get a chance to say good-bye to anyone? NISHIMURA: What? INTERVIEWER: Did you get a chance to say good-bye to your buddies before you. . . NISHIMURA: No. All I knew was the boys that area. Well, you know, they ordered me to go home already which is an honor over there. Even if I wanted to go to the front, they won't let you go so I said "Okay." I accepted it. So this is how I left. INTERVIEWER: What don't you tell us about ah about the company you were in. NISHIMURA: What INTERVIEWER: The Company NISHIMURA: This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 31 of 44 �About the F Company. Talk about that. Oh I think I like it because there were a lot of boys I knew from back home too. And of course we had boys from different Islands. All Island boys so [12:00] somehow we get together. I was in the 3rd Platoon. We had four platoons and I was in the 3rd Platoon. So I didn't know much from boys from 1st and 2nd platoon. But the 3rd Platoon I knew most of them. We worked together and the 4th platoon was known for Kauai boys. So I get to know them too. Somehow you together you, you either talk stories, huh. So that's how it was. INTERVIEWER: Is there any one of them stand out? Do you remember any one of them? NISHIMURA: You mean? INTERVIEWER: Any of the guys in the F Company that you NISHIMURA: If I know them? INTERVIEWER: Was there any one in F Company that stands out? You know that you remember he did something or NISHIMURA: No. Like what you mean? INTERVIEWER: Nothing I was just wondering if there was anybody. But was there any one from F Company going home with you? NISHIMURA: Oh no. It just happened I think I was the only one from the Company as far as I knew. But when we landed in that was in Virginia, Norfolk, Virginia I met some people that I know. But not from our Company. INTERVIEWER: But before you said you had to wait for two weeks. What did you do during the two weeks? NISHIMURA: Where in? INTERVIEWER: You said you had to wait two weeks before you got shipped home. NISHIMURA: Oh you mean from Italy? Well I tell you we concentrate over there none of the boys were over there. And they didn't let us just lie down on the floor. They gave us jobs. Oh you guys aren't just going to lie down and take it easy. So they give me a job to the Post Office to sort the mail. I don't know anything about this mail business. Well you are going to learn. So I went to the Post Office and I sorted the mail by alphabet, This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 32 of 44 �huh. All the A's in one place, [14:00] B's one place so it was easy job. I did that and after two weeks they say "well, you're going home." Well it was all right. I mean not bad. And then I get to meet friends over there at that base. They were hundreds of guys in there waiting to go home. But they don't let you just lie down. You have to do something. (Laughs) INTERVIEWER: What, what did you guys talk about when, you know, you guys were waiting for two weeks. Did you guys talk with each other? NISHIMURA: Well we do talk because we in working area together. And then we come back to the tent, then we had a bull session of our own. Talk stories and then go to PX and buy some stuff and talk stories. Things like that. Do it all the time. Just wait. Just wait we had no choice. Just wait, huh. But it was all right waiting because we were wondering when we were going to be shipped out. I we had to wait, huh. And then a few were going to town. If you go to town, if went in town you might maybe get lost and won't come back. (Laughs) Before I forget. When you went to some of the Italian homes, some of the Italian people were really nice to us, you know. Because, why they were nice to us because we didn't get them any trouble for them. Only the country was our enemies. But people by people we were enemies, we were nice, friends, huh? Why should be hate them? You know, they were innocent people during the war. There's innocent people. So we get to know them. They invite us to their homes. Nice of them. And you know what, their famous food, spaghetti. Oh I ate a lot of spaghetti. And the friendly drink is the wine. They drink a lot of wine. [16:00] Well that’s why I talk to the Italian people. We did come to us without speaking because we didn’t know their language but there was some hand motion and little bit. They told us before the Germans were there, German was there they were protecting Italy the German soldier were protecting them. But they were chased out. So the German knew the allies we coming into town to change their minds. So when they were chased out before they go now this is what they were telling us, so that we don't drink the Italian wine they use to shoot the bottle, crack them open so that there’s no wine left for us. That's what they are telling us. We say how did you save some of this wine? They said since this was happening we use to bury it in the ground. They know about burying the wine in the ground. So the Germans don't know about it. So when we came in they bring out and feed us the wine. You see how nice they were. So even though they were our enemies, well a town like this in the place more like this We forgot about enemies we were just friends, you know. They were, they were nice to us. Italian people so we learned some Italian words. In fact, they give us a dictionary. I'll probably be tell you Italian words. So I don't know if you heard the word Pizano, pizano. You heard the word pizano? Well that's a famous word we use. I mean every Italian we meet Pizano, Pizano. They were happy about it. So out here back in Hawaii, when I call my friends on the phone, I say "Hey, pizano how are you?" He's one of the GI's I talk. So that word pizano is always in our heads. INTERVIEWER: Did you learn any other Italian? NISHIMURA: Huh? INTERVIEWER: Did you learn any other Italian language? NISHIMURA: This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 33 of 44 �Well I learned some of things, of course. You know, like any country where you go you know the bad ones first. (laughs) [18;00] but of course we never used that. But we learned pretty good words. Bon jorno, bon jorno mean "good day" "good morning" things like that. So we learned some of that. INTERVIEWER: So okay after you left Italy hmm, what was the trip home like on the ship? NISHIMURA: Well I tell you, I'm a poor sailor. I never went to the mess hall. I couldn't reach the mess hall. I was so sick. So my friends use to bring the meal to me on the deck now. They didn't allow us to stay under the deck. You know why, huh? The allies might bombed the ship. And we all go down together. If you stay on the deck, you have a chance with the life saver at least. So every place we go we had our life saver. You have to have a life saver with you. So everybody, every GI guy on the boat had a life saver. So we case you get bombed we'd still be floating around. I was a sick man. I could not take a boat ride. So my friend use to bring a sandwich or apple, or something to eat. And you know they only give you food twice a day. Not because they didn't want to feed you they had so much troops over there. By the time you went to the ???brunch??? and by the time you finish your ???brunch??? it might be 9:30 or 10 o'clock. There were so much people on the boat. Then dinner time come almost 5 o'clock. So we had to get ready now. That's how it was. Well we cannot help for some reason. The boat was not big enough for all that. I think liberty ship I think. Something like that. We landed in Norfolk, Virginia. INTERVIEWER: What was it like finally coming home to America? NISHIMURA: Oh I feel happy that we are home in America [20:00] and then food was good too. Camp called St. Patrick in Virginia. We stayed there for about one day to get our things and get organized and then from there they send me all the way to Fort Ord in San Francisco. A Camp called Fort Ord. I don't know if you heard about it Fort Ord Camp. You heard about that? Fort---we stayed there. We stayed there about about 2 weeks I think. To get organized, to get ready and in the meantime they had some infection over there in Monterey. I don't know if you know about it. You hear about Monterey, a small town Monterey. .Well they were looking for some workers to work in this Army factory. They couldn’t get workers--- civilian workers. So they asked us to work over there. I said, "no, no guys (inaudible) so we stayed there about 2 day. Well you boys go back home to Hawaii. It’s good news. But we didn't sail from San Francisco. They sent us all the way up to Seattle. They call that POE, Port of Engagement. I don't know why they didn't send us from San Francisco. There's a nice boat over there. They sent us over to Washington, Fort (inaudible) We stayed there for four weeks and then they shipped us back to Hawaii from there. INTERVIEWER: When you found out you were going to be shipped---ah going home, did you write a letter to your folks? NISHIMURA: No I didn't get a chance to write. We didn't get a chance to write. When we reach Fort Ord so when I start writing to them. Then they knew we were safe back home. But in the meantime, the Army will let the parents know about my wound. They let them know, you know. As by law or something. They let our families know [22:00] that certain GI were wounded. So they sent home the notice to them. And of This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 34 of 44 �course, for this my mother was telling me the story afterwards I wish (inaudible) they how badly you were wounded. They didn't tell how bad I was wounded. So they didn't know how bad I was and I don't blame them you know. They didn't describe that. I was wounded. Then I tell them how I am feeling okay. They were satisfied. Then we came home and then they gave us leave to go home to see our parents. (Inaudible) Stayed I think I stayed about a week. And then I came back to work over there. They assigned me to Fort Shafter. That's right I might my wife. (Laughs) INTERVIEWER: When you first came home and saw your parents, what was that like? NISHIMURA: Well, well I tell you it was touching, you know. When I saw them I was real happy that they looked healthy. That was my main concern they would happy and they cried. I had tears in my eyes too and (shakes his head and covers his eyes) Even now I have tears thinking about it. I was really happy. I couldn't even talk to them. You know after all they think I never come back. So really we couldn't talk. I couldn't talk. I, I mean I cried. They couldn’t talk. I couldn't talk. But this thing happens to anybody. Being away so long. And see the pictures, movies about this thing these other people happy when they get together. It really happened to me. I was really touch and you know what made me happy is when I reached home somehow the news got around [24:00] they came to my house. You know, I cried. (inaudible) I was really touched. I was really touched. Because I guess they were thinking about us. They were happy that we came home. So I was very touched and happy. Of course that was for that moment. And then after we stopped talking and laughing this and that but that moment, you let it out. You let it out. Forget what you went through and it so happy you don't even think what you are trying to say you know. I was that happy. Then my friends came around, I don't know how the news came around but they all came to the house and talk to me. Visit me. So it was that good you know ending over there. Then I stayed awhile and then back to Oahu to concentrate on my job---assignment in Oahu at Fort Shafter. INTERVIEWER: What kind of stuff did you talk about with your family and friends? NISHIMURA: Oh to my friends? Well, you know, if I would say a lot of things what happened to me the frontline. I thought maybe it's not right I tell everything. I didn't want to tell my war experience to them. they wish to hear but I held back. If I should talk a little bit they think oh this guy is trying to boast. Talk big about what he went through. Because some of these guys didn't go. For health reason they did go. They weren't drafted. Then if I should talk big what happened to me it's like I am bragging so I didn't say much. They asked me question, I just said yes and this and that. But I didn't talk much about war. I want to forget about it. I want to forget what happened to me over there. I just kept it to myself. I said well I'm glad I'm home you know things like that. I didn't expose too much. I didn't want to expose too much. And I think I [26:00] did the right thing. Maybe some boys might expose themselves but I didn't want because I all I did was I told them I served my country. That's all. That's how it was so. I guess they understood. Then after I was discharged they asked me a lot of questions how it was and I told them a story about it but I did not go into details. They didn't want to hear it's not a pleasant story too anyways. (Laughs) So that's how it was and I came back to Fort Shafter and I stayed there about one year. Then at that time, just about that time the news came out Japan surrendered. I think, I think you were old enough to hear about that. They surrendered. So two days after they discharged me. Two day after they discharged me. They said well you can go home now. We don't want you. (Laughs) So I was happy I might go home. And some of my friends told me why did you stay in Honolulu to work. I said you know I have parents. Yeah. And This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 35 of 44 �they're getting old so as being the oldest boy, I think I have the obligation to take care of them. So I said no, no matter what regardless of I'm going home. So I can home. I think that was the best thing I did. Take care of them. Then I think they were happy because if I left them and stayed in Honolulu, I felt it was not right to leave them alone. During the war time they went through a lot of worries and all those things, yeah. I think they couldn't sleep well. They couldn't concentrate well thinking about me, you know. [28:00] And in my heart I know they were thinking about me but I cannot feel that. They can feel it so I thought why should I keep away after I was released so I came home trying to help them out. So I came home. I worked for the plantation and during that time when I was in the service, at Fort Chestnut, I met my wife. BEGINNING OF TAPE FIVE NISHIMURA: Make you laugh and things like that. What is life we have a lot of characters. That's that's natural. And then it so happened that maybe some of those characters (inaudible) (Laughs). So we get---last week we got together at Bumble Bee in Honolulu. Why because every year for the last how many years, our F Company, we have an organization, F Company and we meet on different Islands every year. For you know together and the reu--I mean reunion. They gotta have a reunion maybe come over here. And then each Island be the host and then they take care of us. So we have that for the last 3 or 4 years now. So last week just for the hell of it the F boys from Honolulu got together and we had a luncheon. And we talk stories and we talk friends and of course we hadn't see them for so long and some of them had more gray hairs. Some of them have more few wrinkles here and there but that's all right. We knew them. Talk stories and we had a good together and they singing, story telling and this and that. INTERVIEWER: And one more question sorry. Is that okay? NISHIMURA: And that was on the tape, yeah. INTERVIEWER: Can you tell David (inaudible) What's the famous F Company story. NISHIMURA: What the famous F Company story? INTERVIEWER: Every year when you get together NISHIMURA: Yeah INTERVIEWER: Okay. Oh remember this guy and he did that and blab, blab, blab. NISHIMURA: Yeah one. Those things come up. That’s a natural thing. This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 36 of 44 �INTERVIEWER: Do you have one? NISHIMURA: By golly you looking young. You’re not gonna age one day. And things like that. How come you’re using a cane now? You never used a cane before. What happened to your ears? You cannot hear well. What happened to you and [02:00] things like that. And that guy not drinking beer more. And Mas says, “How come you cutting down on your beers?” Oh well, doctor’s orders and things like that. You know when you get old, you can find out kind of things that they they don’t doing that they were doing. Has been, it has been and all that. Things like that of course a lot of stories come out and then we shoot the bull and things like that. And the wives get together and talk about recipes and grandchildren and things like that. The mans don’t talk about it. The wives all talk about the recipes, your hair, your grandchildren. Things like that you know to exchange stories. I don’t know maybe it happens to every, every Company. Every people that get together when you don’t see them for a long time. INTERVIEWER: Did you guys have a motto, an F Company motto or nickname? NISHIMURA: What’s that? INTERVIEWER: Does F Company have any motto or nickname or something like that? NISHIMURA: Well, I don’t recall ourselves “Foxes” all the time. So F Company we call ourselves “Foxes” I think you heard about it. “Able” A Company called “Able.” Yeah. You heard about those things? B Company called “Bakers” and C is “Charlie”, D is “Dog ”, E is “Easy” and F is “Foxes” That’s that’s all I know. INTERVIEWER: When you get together with your buddies from F Company, they have a story that they always talk about about you that you get embarrassed? NISHIMURA: Well, it comes up you know and of course that gives you a laugh, right. And then I usually tell a story so they always tell me to tell a story so stay in front and tell stories. (Inaudible) and get some laughs. Well it was good concentration last week. Of course, you don’t have the people that use to come all the time. They pass away and some can’t make it so. There was a guy [04:00] two weeks before we had this meeting, he had a bypass but I told him about it. We are having a meeting wish you can make it. You can come. But I told him if you think your health come first, don’t come, stay home, take a rest. I was talking to his son. He said well I think my father should stay home. Yeah do that. We all have a chance to meet again. So he stayed home. He didn’t come. Of course he wanted to come. He was telling me on the phone. You know I don’t see my friends for a long time. I would like to see them. This is my wish. I would like to see them. But I told him in your health and in your condition, please stay home for awhile. We can always meet again. So he said, “Okay I’ll stay home”. His mind was to come but I said well for This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 37 of 44 �your health reasons, don’t come. I told him. Not that I really don’t want you, we think about you, so he said I’ll stay home. So he stayed home. Next time we can meet again. This is not the last one. So this meeting (inaudible) some kind of agreement to make some kind of date to meet next year. Sometime in June, you know, next year. So this is what it is all about. INTERVIEWER: Can you tell us one of the stories that that you tell when you get together with your buddies? NISHIMURA: Huh? INTERVIEWER: Can you tell us one of the stories that when you get together with your buddies and NISHIMURA: You like to hear? Well I was suppose to talk stories last time but somehow they missed my name. You were there last night. Well I was suppose to go up but this guy took my name down but then I found out this guy went home or out some place and so they didn’t get my record. Well there was a guy so frustrated Don Howdin. He came to the bar over there and placed his glass over there. Filled it up. Feeling so sad. It was just about to drink that [06:00] here comes the truck driver after a long trip driving that truck. He got his cup and drank it up. And then he turned around and he said why did you do that for? He said that’s all right pal. I was only joking. I’ll buy you another round. So he bought him another round. And the truck driver asked him by the way you looking so down, what happened to you anyway. People just get so down hearted. You look so sad. Something must be wrong. Well I’ll tell you. First, I came to work this morning a little bit late and they fired me. Second, I came out to drive home and somebody stole my car. I had no choice so I walked home. I walk home to found my wife walked away with another man. Oh that made it worse so what is life? I came here. I was just about to drink that and you drink my drink. And you know what you drank, you drank my poison. (Laughs) INTERVIEWER: (Laughs) Oh. So are you the jokester among your buddies? NISHIMURA: Yeah. So every time we can get together, they always say how about some short stories so. Well you know everybody has a hobby, no. But in my way when I get the Reader’s Digest, the first thing I look for is the joke part. That’s call, “The Laughter”. I always read that. I like jokes. So it is fun that I tell them jokes. They expect stories from me so I cannot get away. (Laughs) If you want to hear one more, I can tell you. But that’s all right, you have some other things so I’ll won’t tell you. INTERVIEWER: Well no, why don’t you---you have one you want to tell us, go ahead. NISHIMURA: Huh? INTERVIEWER: This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 38 of 44 �Another one [08:00] NISHIMURA: Well, you remember those days way back. Are you running your tape? INTERVIEWER: Yeah. NISHIMURA: Oh you remember way back in the ‘30’s and ‘40’s and driving the car, you made your hand sign with your hand. You remember that? I don’t know. Maybe you were too young. But now they have that light, the blinker. But way back if you made a right turn you put your hand up. Like that okay. (Puts arm up towards the ceiling) You making a right turn. So the guys behind you can see you. Then if you are making a left turn you do this (Arm pointing to the side) That’s hand sign. They didn’t have a blinker. Okay. And when you stop you put your hand down when you gonna stop. So you stop. Okay there was a group of Filipino man going to a cock fight. You know a cock fight is a chicken fight. This guy driving through town, all of a sudden he came to an intersection, he made the hand sign. He did this (put arm up in the air) That’s right turn. There was a policeman standing over there. He was watching him. All of a sudden he did this. (Moved arm down and forth) The policeman saw that. I never seen that sign before. And he did this way (move arm outward) That was left turn. And then the policeman blew his whistle. Stop him. He said taking the Filipino word. ???palone. palone??? is mister in Filipino. You made a funny kind of hand sign. You did this (arm upward) and then you did this (arm moved sideways) You know in law book we don’t have such sign as this. This Filipino man told the officer, Mr. Officer he was talking Filipino, Officer do you have a pencil with you? Yes I have pencil with you. May I borrow your pencil? He borrowed the pencil. Do you remember there’s this erase there? Yes. This erasure is to erase. [10:00] But this is the same thing, I do this. I erase the signal. I made a different signal. Okay, I excuse you. INTERVIEWER: (Laughs) NISHIMURA: And this happened in our home town. The policeman telling us the story. INTERVIEWER: That’s a true story? NISHIMURA: Yeah it’s a true story. He said he erased. Well everybody laughed from that. And it’s a true story. You remember the old hand sign. You remember the old hand sign, yeah? Off camera: That’s funny. INTERVIEWER: Let me ah let’s we can seat here and talk joke all day but let’s we should ask you in the last tape you were about to tell us about when you met your wife. This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 39 of 44 �NISHIMURA: Oh you want---is it all right to talk about that? Okay well, it’s nothing secret anyways. (Inaudible) wants to get married. Well I was in Fort Chaste, well they assigned me to Fort Chaste and I took take part Japanese because I went to Japanese school and my parents taught Japanese so naturally I began to learn Japanese which was good for me. They talked to me in Japanese but they couldn’t talk English. So I get to learn to talk Japanese which I’m happy I could talk to you in Japanese. So when some of the Japan tourists come into town in Honolulu, when they see me they know I’m Japanese so they talk to me. So I talk to them in Japanese. They’re happy about it and I tell them what is what, you know. But anyways talking about this Japanese I had about a dozen Korean prisoners. You know they had some Korean prisoners. They captured in the Korean War. They brought them to Hawaii as prisoners. And since I could talk Japanese they wanted for me to talk care of them. You know these Korean prisoners they’re they’re sneaky guys. They didn’t want to talk Japanese in front of me. They all talked Korean. [12:00] If they talked Japanese I can understand and they knew I knew Japanese so they talked all Koreans. So I didn’t know what they were talkin’ maybe they were talking bad about me or talk bad about me. But anyways I didn’t bother me. But one day I heard them talking Japanese. They didn’t hear---they didn’t see me. I heard them talking Japanese. So I approached them . So you know I heard you talking Japanese. I know you can speak Japanese because I heard the Koreans was talking Japan Army for awhile. The Korean were some Japan ???jurisdiction???. So they learned Japanese and they were pretty good. They speak fluently Japanese. In fact they could speak better than me. So they told me to take care of them. So I took care of them. That was okay. Then during lunch hour, you know when you are young you want to go here and there so we use to go to the PX. The PX was only about 5 minute walk. Lunch was one hour so we use to go to the PX, look around and when you’re young you want to look for girls, yeah? So that’s where I met my wife. I didn’t know who she was. She didn’t know who I was but we just talk casual. This and that. And we see each other quite awhile and then one day she told me, “How about come to the house?” To her home in Honolulu so now and then I use to go. That’s how we became friendly and we became pretty close, huh. So I told her in case you get married you have to come to our country. Where I live in a country, huh. She don’t mind. Oh I felt better she said she don’t country. She doesn’t mind coming to the country. You can find people coming to the country from city. She said she would come down. Okay. So we got married and she came to live with me back in Hawaii and then luckily she had a job in the plantation, in the office. So she worked in the office. And of course I worked outside [14:00] in the factory. Then we had the child, one girl. That’s how it was and then I stayed up there quite long until 1995 and my daughter told us why don’t we come to Honolulu and stay close to them so they could take care of us. Our age, huh. You know I don’t know how you feel about but after you stay in one place for so long you have a lot of friends, you don’t want to miss them, you know. That’s a treasure for us. Old friends are your treasurer. You cannot find them anymore. You can’t make old friends again. So I told her twice let me think it over. And my wife said (inaudible) in Honolulu, your sisters all in Honolulu so she didn’t mind going back. So I said okay. Let’s go. Let’s move to Honolulu. So we moved to Honolulu. That’s how we started. So we in Honolulu now. We stay next to my daughter. We joined the house together, no. Of course they cook their own, we cook our own. We sleep our own. We cannot eat together with them but they eat different food and they eat late so we eat ourselves. For now and then our family get together. Things like that. That’s how, that’s how it is so just now I’m a Honolulu boy. So I miss my friends. I treasurer them so now and then I go back to Hawaii and visit them. This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 40 of 44 �And you know the Japanese custom they have obon dance. You know about obon dance? Well they have it at our Church where I was going. So I go there to put flowers on my parent’s grave and then same time I meet my friends. I like to put leis on my parents, you know. Put there so I go there. Stay there one or two days. Meet my friends, I come home. INTERVIEWER: Do you ever talk to your wife or daughter about your war experience? NISHIMURA: Well I don’t really talk to them but sometime they question me about what happened, what you went through. [16:00] I guess to them it is something interesting, something different to them When we talking to them there true life experience is not what you read in the book. To (inaudible) and so it is interesting for them what we went through. Of course we don’t make up the stories it’s what we went through. But some people just make up stories for the fun. Actually what we went through we tell them. But I don’t go into too much details because I don’t think it is too pleasant to hear some of the things we did. So I just let them what happened and how we fought and things like that. And my grandchildren ask me sometime but (shakes his head no) I never tell them details. It’s---I don’t think it is right. You know it’s sometimes the story get too touchy, huh. So I don’t go into details. But I show them the pictures that I took when I was in the uniform. In those days, it was a funny uniform. I show them some medals that I got. Purple heart and things like that. INTERVIEWER: One of the battles you got ah was a good conduct medal. NISHIMURA: Yeah I don’t know how I got that but I got it. I don’t know if I was a good boy or what. (Laughs) But several of the boys got it. Not only me, you know. But I’m just got that. Knowing you go to the firing range, you shot the target, huh. Then I got a medal for shooting too. Not a perfect one but good enough to get a small medal. INTERVIEWER: I want to ask you a question, your---you said your father was from Hiroshima? NISHIMURA: Hiroshima, uh huh. INTERVIEWER: Did he have a reaction to what happened there? Did he have relatives there? NISHIMURA: You mean in Hiroshima? You know I tell you what after the war started we didn’t get no what you call it communication [18:00] because I think it came to the point that maybe they couldn’t even mail out. I know that’s what we think. We lost control we didn’t hear from them you know. Then after the war, everything was settled along, then my father use to call his parents. But at the time, some of the relative passed away. Then they had the younger ones that came out. The younger ones they don’t know much about the older people so somehow the communication got lost, you know. So from that point we never communicated much which is a sad thing. My father went back Japan about twice to see his parents and to see his relatives, brothers and sisters. So that was the only time there’re in Japan to see them and that This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 41 of 44 �was also the last of them. Father had only communicate (inaudible). After the war, we can almost say it was forgotten which is a sad thing. But you know Hiroshima is the place where they bombed. And some of them was affected in a way but we don’t know how bad. So from that moment we lost communication which is a sad thing but it can’t be helped because of the war. INTERVIEWER: Okay let me ask you hmm, do you have a message that you would like to tell the Yonsei and Gosei generations that you want to tell us some advice or something you would like to tell them? NISHIMURA: What generation? You mean the younger generation? Well I can say that the whole time I was in the (inaudible) our type of generation things have been changed ???plan it???. A lot of things have been changed. Well our days we were kind of rugged the law wasn’t too strict of mine. [20:00] We feel that we couldn’t get much things like what you people are getting. You people are getting everything under the sun you know for yourself. Our days we couldn’t get anything. The living was different. You have better payment now. You live in more luxury. The (inaudible) is different but then things have changed. Everything is getting better so it’s fortunate that you people are living in this generation. So make sure you make every time useful for that. Useful for the time you are living now. When I was we couldn’t do what we want. Now a lot of you is fortunate. You have all the things you want on this earth. So tell them to stand tall, be positive, move ahead and then try to see if you can progress and do some ???satisfy??? in your life. Be happy about it and then. One thing I like to mention to you people don’t forget your parents. Your parents is number one. So don’t forget your parents. And then you should go to school and concentrate on your studies. Look forward, huh. Be something one day. Well I don’t know maybe there’s more things to tell but I just don’t register so I think this is really not for them to realize that you should be happy with what you have now compared to the old days. You see they have cars, they can drive cars [22:00] we couldn’t drive cars. So be happy and then the main thing is don’t forget your parents. They send you to school, and you have everything you want. And keep healthy. Keep away from drugs which I hope they do. Don’t get involved, huh drugs. But I don’t know they’re many things I want to say but this time all of a sudden you don’t know what to say. But some of the things maybe good to say to them. INTERVIEWER: Now that you--- we coming near to the end of the your Hanashi interview, ah what do you thing about what we are doing here in Hanashi? NISHIMURA: You mean (inaudible) here. Well you mentioned earlier. This is more for educational purpose, huh. as you mentioned earlier. And I would think that when the children hear the tapes from different people that you people interviewed they might compare that and say, “Oh this one is better”. “Oh that should have been done that way” and things like that. And if you begin to let them think what we went through and maybe from that maybe they can make the correction. That maybe what bad things we went through they shouldn’t duplicate that. And then concentrate more on the people’s lives and then try to work together as a unit. Don’t try to say you’re---“I’m the one”. No everybody is the same. Be a unit, be one. And concentrate on that. You should work together. Pull together. Then this way maybe we will stand up and say well this is it and then. [24:00] You know I can tell you people now that we, the second generation, are fortunate that some of us are healthy enough, good enough to see the turn of the century. We are coming to the turn of the century. We are fortunate. Some of us are lucky and we are able to say that we came to a new century because 1999 will be history. And the 21st century is just about to come so we are This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 42 of 44 �fortunate we can say that we went into the new century. So for these few words I would like to say you people are young. Keep in touch with your parents. And stay healthy. Well maybe this is all I can say. As a parent I would like to say these few words. I hope you accept it. So that’s it. INTERVIEWER: Is there any any stories that, uh, we’re almost out of tape here. Are there any stories that you remember that you want to tell us before we finish here? NISHIMURA: What you mean a joke? INTERVIEWER: Or anything that you, you know happened during the war that you forgot to talk about or. NISHIMURA: In the what? INTERVIEWER: In the war or maybe before the war or anything you ah might be forgotten in your mind. NISHIMURA: Gee I don’t know. Maybe I tell you all the things but I was starting to think of the past you don’t have them on my mind. (Laughs) You know, INTERVIEWER: Now that you okay now that we’re finished here, um would you recommend to another veteran to interview with Hanashi? [26:00] NISHIMURA: Well then I think it depends on the individual, huh. I would recommend but maybe some individual don’t care to be interviewed, huh. They’re not that type of people because I know some of the veterans I know they hardly talk. They hardly come to the phone and say something or you know be outspoken or say things they hold back their. One of the people that---well in this world we find all kind of people. But I think maybe I talk too much. (Laughs) But anyway this is my time so I don’t know. I don’t know whether it is good or bad but that’s my time. Every everybody has a different way of being themselves, huh. So I don’t know if they would like to come here to be interviewed. That I cannot promise you. Maybe, maybe they’re like me, maybe they don’t want Maybe some of them for personal reasons they don’t want to. Some say “Okay I’ll do it.” In my case when I was asked I said, “Well, I’ll try.” This I only tried so I don’t know if I’m doing the right thing or what but then. When you people asked me, my wife told me, “Well go ahead and try it.” Nothing wrong so she kind of encouraged me, huh. Well I said well, “I’ll take a chance.” I don’t know what how I can do it. I don’t know what how presenting to you people but this is this is it now. (Laughs) INTERVIEWER: Well you are going to get a copy of this interview. Um do you think you would show your wife or your daughter or your grandchildren um this interview? NISHIMURA: This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 43 of 44 �Well if I read that how you got me reading out how? INTERVIEWER: Video tape. NISHIMURA: Oh video tape. Well I play myself first. Then if I think it is presentable, I’ll tell my grandchildren let me talk to you. But sometime if I think it is not too presentable, I won’t show them. (Laughs) Although they might. If I don’t tell them about it they won’t [28:00]know. They wouldn’t know. But if I tell them they’ll kind of we want to hear that so I’ll keep quiet for a while. So my wife and I will listen to it ourselves first and then if my wife thinks it is presentable then we tell them okay you kids can hear this. (Laughs) They’re all in college see. Two of them in college and is going to high school back in (Hawaiian), Hawaii. Two of them is up here in the Mainland. One one in USC and one is in Washington. So when they come over they can listen but depend, how how the tape is. (Laughs) Comes out. INTERVIEWER: Okay well Mr. Nishimura ah on behalf of Hanashi I want to say thank you for taking your time and talking to us. I really appreciate you. NISHIMURA: Well I don’t know if I did a good presentation or maybe I went overboard or what but then maybe some of the things you want to you don’t want to hear you can just cut it off the tape. You can knock it off, huh? INTERVIEWER: Yeah sure. NISHIMURA: You think that some of the presentation is not worthwhile, cut it off. It’s all right with me. I don’t mind. This transcript is hereby made available for research purposes only by Go For Broke National Education Center. Page 44 of 44 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Charles Nishimura oral history interview, October 20, 1999 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Charles Nishimura oral history interview transcript [full interview], October 20, 1999 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nishimura, Charles: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Type The nature or genre of the resource Transcriptions Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Extent The size or duration of the resource. 44 pages, typescript Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1999-10-20 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Las Vegas, Nevada Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1999OH0087_T_Nishimura https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/e091e85acd80d12f4f71c9b1ddb1c52c.xml 1f67eb80bd4aac0431d74d7b66d6a614 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource William Omoto oral history interview, October 23, 2002 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/315-Omoto-William-5.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1925 Dec 15 Location of Birth San Jose, California Incarceration Facilities Poston Concentration Camp War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Location of Basic Training Camp Blanding, Florida Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Champagne Campaign Northern Apennines and Po Valley Campaigns The Gothic Line Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource William Omoto oral history interview, part 5 of 5, October 23, 2002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Omoto, William: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2002OH0315_05_Omoto Description An account of the resource Omoto discusses learning about the end of the war; talks about a soldier killed post-war; and discusses returning to the United States. He then talks about his post-war life including attending junior college and his employment as an accountant. Next, Omoto talks about his wife, children, and grandchildren; meeting his wife while at Poston incarceration camp; and discusses the legacy and accomplishments of the 100th and 442nd. Lastly, Omoto discusses the 9/11 attack; and provides a message to future generations. Subject The topic of the resource Japanese Americans--Post-World War II Military service--Veteran history Identity and values--Family Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:30:15 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 October 23 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Las Vegas, Nevada 100th Infantry Battalion 442nd Regimental Combat Team 9/11 children discharge employment post-war life wife https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/fb85cf3f0316230404b92c25fc5142cb.xml 0daf54b41c468e8c7ce70a25c618c60e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource William Omoto oral history interview, October 23, 2002 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/315-Omoto-William-4.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1925 Dec 15 Location of Birth San Jose, California Incarceration Facilities Poston Concentration Camp War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Location of Basic Training Camp Blanding, Florida Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Champagne Campaign Northern Apennines and Po Valley Campaigns The Gothic Line Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource William Omoto oral history interview, part 4 of 5, October 23, 2002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Omoto, William: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2002OH0315_04_Omoto Description An account of the resource Omoto discusses meeting up with the 100th Infantry Battalion; discusses his impressions of Hawaiian soldiers; and talks about his experiences during the Champagne Campaign. He then talks about combat experiences in Italy; his experiences with enemy fire against German soldiers; and discusses a friend who was killed in action. Lastly, Omoto discusses how he became a squad leader; talks about how he received a Bronze Star; and discusses his experiences during the Po Valley campaign. Subject The topic of the resource World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Maritime Alps,"Champagne Campaign" World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate) World War II--European Theater Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:27:27 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 October 23 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Las Vegas, Nevada 100th Infantry Battalion Champagne Campaign combat experiences enemy fire German soldiers Hawaiian soldiers Killed in Action Po Valley https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/5e9112152a768706ff0269aedfc6ee34.xml 8bd4b1f9e5fa7ddcfef23cb74dfcbdc7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource William Omoto oral history interview, October 23, 2002 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/315-Omoto-William-3.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1925 Dec 15 Location of Birth San Jose, California Incarceration Facilities Poston Concentration Camp War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Location of Basic Training Camp Blanding, Florida Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Champagne Campaign Northern Apennines and Po Valley Campaigns The Gothic Line Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource William Omoto oral history interview, part 3 of 5, October 23, 2002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Omoto, William: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2002OH0315_03_Omoto Description An account of the resource Omoto discusses working while in [Poston] incarceration camp; discusses the loyalty questionnaire he had to take; experiences with discrimination while traveling to his induction; and his father’s thoughts regarding pro-Japan interests. Next, Omoto talks about basic training at Camp Blanding; getting drafted; and learning about the 100th Infantry Battalion and 442nd Regimental Combat Team. Lastly, Omoto talks about his encounters with African American soldiers during basic training and while overseas with the 92nd Infantry Division; and discusses traveling overseas. Subject The topic of the resource World War II--American Concentration Camps--Poston (Colorado River) World War II--Military service--Basic training Military service--Veteran history Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:28:14 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 October 23 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Las Vegas, Nevada African American soldiers basic training Camp Blanding Draft Loyalty Questionnaire overseas trip Poston Incarceration Camp https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/d1a60f9005ab4e7d5189a8b08ca6732d.xml 82307f41b5500e098ebe8809eff0e302 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource William Omoto oral history interview, October 23, 2002 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/315-Omoto-William-2.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1925 Dec 15 Location of Birth San Jose, California Incarceration Facilities Poston Concentration Camp War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Location of Basic Training Camp Blanding, Florida Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Champagne Campaign Northern Apennines and Po Valley Campaigns The Gothic Line Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource William Omoto oral history interview, part 2 of 5, October 23, 2002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Omoto, William: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2002OH0315_02_Omoto Description An account of the resource Omoto discusses the attack on Pearl Harbor and his experiences during the aftermath including discussing blackouts, an enforced curfew, restrictions, and having to move. He then talks about Executive Order 9066; and discusses his family’s forced removal to Salinas temporary detention facility and having to leave belongings behind. Lastly, Omoto discusses traveling to Poston incarceration camp; his impressions of Poston; and his experiences there including working, the weather, and the wildlife in Arizona. Subject The topic of the resource World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath World War II--American Concentration Camps--Poston (Colorado River) World War II--Temporary Detention Facilities--Salinas Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:28:21 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 October 23 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Las Vegas, Nevada Executive Order 9066 forced removal Pearl Harbor and aftermath Poston Incarceration Camp restrictions Salinas Assembly Center https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/4ac9ef4f7b0cdbc321f0db47cd65d4aa.xml 22aa1ebc976a1eb94eb986831102e769 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource William Omoto oral history interview, October 23, 2002 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/315-Omoto-William-1.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1925 Dec 15 Location of Birth San Jose, California Incarceration Facilities Poston Concentration Camp War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Location of Basic Training Camp Blanding, Florida Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Champagne Campaign Northern Apennines and Po Valley Campaigns The Gothic Line Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource William Omoto oral history interview, part 1 of 5, October 23, 2002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Omoto, William: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2002OH0315_01_Omoto Description An account of the resource Omoto discusses his childhood including talking about moving, his fishing hobby, childhood home, and friendships. He then talks about land ownership laws and race discrimination in regards to Japanese Americans prior to World War Two; talks about his parents; discusses his grandmother; and talks about his relationship with his brothers. Lastly, Omoto talks about his experiences with discrimination; playing sports; family religion; and attending Japanese language school. Subject The topic of the resource Identity and values--Family Social activities Education Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:29:06 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 October 23 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Las Vegas, Nevada brothers childhood activities discrimination fishing Japanese language school parents sports https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/95dca3f059366938831a73350bfd7f66.xml e33b75b74877aaf0f19375ce8e68f820 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hideo Kon oral history interview, October 23, 2002 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/313-Kon-Hideo-3.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1917 May 06 Location of Birth Puunene (Maui), Hawaii War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Location of Basic Training Schofield Barracks, (Oahu) Hawaii Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion (Separate) Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hideo Kon oral history interview, part 3 of 3, October 23, 2002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kon, Hideo: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2002OH0313_03_Kon Description An account of the resource Kon discusess about breaking his leg and his experiences at Camp Shelby. He details about his experiences in the European Theatre and getting wounded. Kon also discusses about his life and career after being discharged. Subject The topic of the resource World War II--Veteran history World War II--European Theater World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby Industry and employment Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:28:39 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 October 23 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Las Vegas, Nevada 100th Infantry Battalion (Separate) Camp Shelby casualty employment European Theater https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/3f08292b02e0aa4fc94d8215818e30fa.xml aa6e944874abd9aa789a74c0fabf57e6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hideo Kon oral history interview, October 23, 2002 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/313-Kon-Hideo-2.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1917 May 06 Location of Birth Puunene (Maui), Hawaii War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Location of Basic Training Schofield Barracks, (Oahu) Hawaii Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion (Separate) Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hideo Kon oral history interview, part 2 of 3, October 23, 2002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kon, Hideo: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2002OH0313_02_Kon Description An account of the resource Kon discusses about life on the plantation. He details about his going to and experiences at Camp McCoy. Kon also discusses about the formation of the 100th Infantry Battalion and his life in the Army. Subject The topic of the resource World War II--Veteran history World War II--Military service World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp McCoy Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:28:26 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 October 23 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Las Vegas, Nevada 100th Infantry Battalion (Separate) basic training Camp McCoy Hawaii plantation https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/034024facc816902dbd9fd7714acd9cf.xml d1c7bb431454295f2845ced2abbbff07 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hideo Kon oral history interview, October 23, 2002 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/313-Kon-Hideo-1.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1917 May 06 Location of Birth Puunene (Maui), Hawaii War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Location of Basic Training Schofield Barracks, (Oahu) Hawaii Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion (Separate) Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hideo Kon oral history interview, part 1 of 3, October 23, 2002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kon, Hideo: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2002OH0313_01_Kon Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 October 23 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Las Vegas, Nevada Description An account of the resource Kon discusess about his family, childhood, and schooling. He details about Pearl Harbor and its aftermath. Kon also discusses about his home life. Subject The topic of the resource Education World War II--Veteran history Identity and values--Family Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:28:34 childhood family Japanese American Pearl Harbor and aftermath religion https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/bb7569cfd672465e04b6edced6ef1fce.xml 5544b3cab07e3c94012c8666857f6876 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rikio Tsuda oral history interview, October 21, 2002 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/309-Tsuda-Rikio-6.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1923 Oct 14 Location of Birth Wailua (Oahu), Hawaii War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Volunteered Nickname Rik Location of Basic Training Camp Shelby, Mississippi Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Anzio Campaign Champagne Campaign The Gothic Line Bruyeres, Belmont, Biffontaine Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rikio Tsuda oral history interview, part 6 of 6, October 21, 2002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Tsuda, Rikio: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2002OH0309_06_Tsuda Description An account of the resource Tsuda talks about the Po Valley campaign and where he was when he hard that the war was over. During this time, he would get hepatitis and be forced to spend a month in the hospital before being able to leave and come back to the United States. Once he returned, he would go to business school and spend time with his family, before working in federal services at Hickam Field for thirty years. After this he discusses his marriage and children backgrounds. He finishes with a message for his grandchildren to study hard and some final notes. Subject The topic of the resource Military service--Veteran history Industry and employment Japanese Americans--Post-World War II Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:24:55 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 October 21 100th Infantry Battalion (Separate) 442nd Regimental Combat Team Aloha Airlines business school discrimination family federal service guard duty Hawaii headquarters hepatitis Hickam Field hospital Italy Leghorn Naples Newport News Po Valley sergeant Silver Star study surrender https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/ce351ab36e97dc0351e5ebe483d51ca1.xml 8222d73177b6094f0d9c49e7d773fd79 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rikio Tsuda oral history interview, October 21, 2002 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/309-Tsuda-Rikio-5.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1923 Oct 14 Location of Birth Wailua (Oahu), Hawaii War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Volunteered Nickname Rik Location of Basic Training Camp Shelby, Mississippi Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Anzio Campaign Champagne Campaign The Gothic Line Bruyeres, Belmont, Biffontaine Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rikio Tsuda oral history interview, part 5 of 6, October 21, 2002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Tsuda, Rikio: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2002OH0309_05_Tsuda Description An account of the resource After the campaigns in Italy, Tsuda's unit would move into Southern France, where they would be involved in more combat, including a mortar barrage that wounded him with shrapnel into his hip. He would head to the hospital and stay there for a short time before being sent back to the front lines. They would then begin the Champagne campaign, where Tsuda would dig foxholes for a couple of days instead of enjoying his rest and relaxation time. After this, they would continue on, taking heavy casualties while coming up one of the hills and getting artillery barrages. One battle was done in complete darkness and it wasn't until the morning that they were able to see the shadows of the German soldiers shooting at them. Subject The topic of the resource World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate) World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Maritime Alps World War II--European Theater--"The Gothic Line" Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:29:43 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 October 21 92nd division artillery Carrara casualties Champagne Campaign combat first scout forest foxhole General Dahlquist German soldiers grenades hospital Leghorn Lost Battalion Maginot Line Marseille mortar barrage mortar shell operation patrol platoon Prisoners of War (POWs) rest and relaxation (r&r) shrapnel Southern France surrender tree burst wounded in action (WIA) https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/8b07e9a89e446fa0e062ed618abe2319.xml bcc55680948be061a577b6591769489f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rikio Tsuda oral history interview, October 21, 2002 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/309-Tsuda-Rikio-4.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1923 Oct 14 Location of Birth Wailua (Oahu), Hawaii War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Volunteered Nickname Rik Location of Basic Training Camp Shelby, Mississippi Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Anzio Campaign Champagne Campaign The Gothic Line Bruyeres, Belmont, Biffontaine Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rikio Tsuda oral history interview, part 4 of 6, October 21, 2002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Tsuda, Rikio: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2002OH0309_04_Tsuda Description An account of the resource Tsuda talks about his campaign experiences, starting with Anzio, where he would experience his first combat, and was involved in a very difficult barrage in a wheat field. The unit would move up from Anzio to Civitavecchia, and then to Belvedere. Throughout this route, they would be experience combat and experience some casualties, even getting hit with an artillery barrage while crossing a river. Tsuda details the routes of both the 100th Infantry Regiment and the 442nd Regimental Combat Team and the hardships they faced. He explains which battles were the hardest for him and where he received each of his medals. As his brother was also in the 100th Infantry Regiment, he would also occasionally see him during rest periods. After this, the unit would head to Arno River. Subject The topic of the resource World War II--European Theater--Anzio Campaign World War II--European Theater World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate) Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:29:04 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 October 21 135th Infantry 34th Division 3rd platoon 442nd Regimental Combat 88s 92nd division antitank company Anzio Arno River artillery barrage Belvedere brother C Company Captain Takahashi casualties Civitavecchia General Mark Clark grenade Hill 140 Lanuvio Leghorn mortars Non-commissioned officer patrol Po Valley Presidential Unit Citation reserve river Rome squad leader Stars and Stripes newspaper wheat field https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/b4952e2657c917bcc21e69d7d29a9875.xml 4e22f8fc8ef0c81232c462ffa2339d55 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rikio Tsuda oral history interview, October 21, 2002 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/309-Tsuda-Rikio-3.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1923 Oct 14 Location of Birth Wailua (Oahu), Hawaii War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Volunteered Nickname Rik Location of Basic Training Camp Shelby, Mississippi Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Anzio Campaign Champagne Campaign The Gothic Line Bruyeres, Belmont, Biffontaine Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rikio Tsuda oral history interview, part 3 of 6, October 21, 2002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Tsuda, Rikio: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2002OH0309_03_Tsuda Description An account of the resource Tsuda discusses meeting up with the 100th Infantry Battalion once arrived in Italy. He would be assigned to a rifle company, even though he was trained as a heavy weapons expert. After this, they would march to Anzio. While there, he would get his first taste of war, including burying dead German bodies and guarding occupied houses. Next, they would march to Belvedere, where they would attack the German lines from behind, taking many SS troops as prisoners. While this was happening, a German tank would also begin it's attack, but in the end, they would all be killed as well. Subject The topic of the resource World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate) Military service--Veteran history Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:27:12 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 October 21 100th Infantry Battalion 34th Division 442nd Regimental Combat Anzio Belvedere Bronze Star Captain Takahashi combat foxholes front lines German soldiers guard duty Heavy Weapons machine gunner patrol Prisoners of War (POWs) private first class radio silence repairs replacements rifle company SS troops tank https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/ef84f30af4d265d61d86f73db39799c9.xml a1605f0d4090d9b1ff34c00a4b993d25 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rikio Tsuda oral history interview, October 21, 2002 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/309-Tsuda-Rikio-2.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1923 Oct 14 Location of Birth Wailua (Oahu), Hawaii War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Volunteered Nickname Rik Location of Basic Training Camp Shelby, Mississippi Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Anzio Campaign Champagne Campaign The Gothic Line Bruyeres, Belmont, Biffontaine Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rikio Tsuda oral history interview, part 2 of 6, October 21, 2002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Tsuda, Rikio: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2002OH0309_02_Tsuda Description An account of the resource Tsuda discusses his family religion and the untimely death of his father while he was away in Kahuku. He also talks about his brother that was already in the 100th infantry and his progressions to get there. After this, he talks about his journey to joining the Army, as the government was asking for volunteers to be replacements. He would report to his draft board and be shipped out to Camp Shelby in Mississippi. There he would learn basic training with heavy weapons and guard the Afrikan Korps German prisoners of war. He would be sent over early to Europe as they were in need of replacements and would take a convoy of ships through the Strait of Gibraltar. As Mount Vesuvius was erupting, they would have to take a detour but would eventually end up in Italy, where they would be on their way to link up with the 100th Infantry Battalion. Subject The topic of the resource Identity and values World War II--Military service--Recruiting and enlisting World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate) Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:28:40 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 October 21 100th Infantry Battalion 298th Division 442nd Regimental Combat Adriatic Sea Afrika Korps Alabama American Concentration Camps buddhist Camp Patrick Henry Camp Shelby cancer convoy draft board father Katonk Mississippi Mount Vesuvius Newport News Palermo prisoners of war religion replacements Schofield Barracks shipment Sicily Strait of Gibraltar trench foot Virginia volunteer Wisconsin https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/304d53d7994c4fd11f15d6a9af3e32a1.xml 39ad814afb1403c005e92bd50cbfe7ed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rikio Tsuda oral history interview, October 21, 2002 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/309-Tsuda-Rikio-1.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1923 Oct 14 Location of Birth Wailua (Oahu), Hawaii War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Volunteered Nickname Rik Location of Basic Training Camp Shelby, Mississippi Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Anzio Campaign Champagne Campaign The Gothic Line Bruyeres, Belmont, Biffontaine Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rikio Tsuda oral history interview, part 1 of 6, October 21, 2002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Tsuda, Rikio: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2002OH0309_01_Tsuda Description An account of the resource Tsuda begins the interview with a brief introduction of himself and his parents. After this, he talks about what it was like to grow up in Honolulu, living in Haleiwa on a pineapple cannery. He would enjoy attending Japanese language school and would have a heavy influence of Japanese culture throughout his childhood. He would also take part in fishing and judo but would be limited in his recreational time as he had to drop out of high school and begin working as a contractor when his brother was drafted into the Army. Next, he talks about the attacks on Pearl Harbor and being put on a heavy restriction by his work. Subject The topic of the resource Social activities Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath Identity and values Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:30:33 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 October 21 Barracks baseball carpenter culture dojo family fishing football Great Depression Haleiwa Haleiwa Elementary School Hawaii Hickam Field history Honolulu Japanese language school judo Kahuku Oahu Pearl Harbor pineapple plantation population restrictions segregation stories https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/a7993bfd88acc47738ebfda73382554f.xml 1a1a84294b2901006592ef216cdbbc1f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Minoru Takimoto oral history interview, August 1, 2004 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/475-Takimoto-Minoru-5.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1926 Jun 02 Location of Birth Los Angeles, California Incarceration Facilities Manzanar Concentration Camp War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Korean War, 1950-1953 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Nickname Min Location of Basic Training Fort Lewis, Washington Presidio of Monterey, California Unit of Service Military Intelligence Service (MIS) Counter Intelligence Corps (CIC) Campaigns/Battles Post-war Occupation of Japan Tokyo Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Minoru Takimoto oral history interview, part 5 of 5, August 1, 2004 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Takimoto, Minoru: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2004OH0475_05_Takimoto Description An account of the resource Takimoto discusses his experiences during the Vietnam War. He details about his his family and experiences in Okinawa. Takimoto also discusses about his employment, current events, and the role Nisei women played. Subject The topic of the resource Industry and employment Military service--Post-World War II service Japanese Americans--Post-World War II Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:30:03 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2004 August 01 employment family Nisei women Okinawa Vietnam https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/993341c651417ce5a46ac1e45caf3427.xml a23f4c8dbb1b860bf25c1f2d1acf741e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Minoru Takimoto oral history interview, August 1, 2004 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/475-Takimoto-Minoru-4.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1926 Jun 02 Location of Birth Los Angeles, California Incarceration Facilities Manzanar Concentration Camp War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Korean War, 1950-1953 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Nickname Min Location of Basic Training Fort Lewis, Washington Presidio of Monterey, California Unit of Service Military Intelligence Service (MIS) Counter Intelligence Corps (CIC) Campaigns/Battles Post-war Occupation of Japan Tokyo Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Minoru Takimoto oral history interview, part 4 of 5, August 1, 2004 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Takimoto, Minoru: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2004OH0475_04_Takimoto Description An account of the resource Takimoto discusses about his experiences in post-war Japan. He details about his experiences during the Korean War. Takimoto also discusses about his experiences post Korean War. Subject The topic of the resource Military service--Post-World War II Occupation of Japan Military service--Post-World War II service World War II--Military service--Military Intelligence Service Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:27:27 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2004 August 01 Korean War military career Military Intelligence Service (MIS) post-war Japan https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/7683945f0673500594398eb685753b43.xml 980fe99d27e7f07668d7ddbec2ddd7f1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Minoru Takimoto oral history interview, August 1, 2004 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/475-Takimoto-Minoru-3.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1926 Jun 02 Location of Birth Los Angeles, California Incarceration Facilities Manzanar Concentration Camp War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Korean War, 1950-1953 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Nickname Min Location of Basic Training Fort Lewis, Washington Presidio of Monterey, California Unit of Service Military Intelligence Service (MIS) Counter Intelligence Corps (CIC) Campaigns/Battles Post-war Occupation of Japan Tokyo Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Minoru Takimoto oral history interview, part 3 of 5, August 1, 2004 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Takimoto, Minoru: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2004OH0475_03_Takimoto Description An account of the resource Takimoto discusses about his experiences in post-war Japan as a member of the Military Intelligence Service (MIS). Subject The topic of the resource Allied Occupation of Japan World War II--Military service--Military Intelligence Service World War II--Military and Government Entities--Counterintelligence Corps (CIC) Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:27:31 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2004 August 01 Allied Occupation of Japan Counter Intelligence Corps (CIC) Japanese soldiers Military Intelligence Service (MIS) post-war Japan https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/778b04f534d3d359d8e0fd54dc327f26.xml 36f147a3bf730df6733a64cf9898365b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Minoru Takimoto oral history interview, August 1, 2004 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/475-Takimoto-Minoru-2.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1926 Jun 02 Location of Birth Los Angeles, California Incarceration Facilities Manzanar Concentration Camp War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Korean War, 1950-1953 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Nickname Min Location of Basic Training Fort Lewis, Washington Presidio of Monterey, California Unit of Service Military Intelligence Service (MIS) Counter Intelligence Corps (CIC) Campaigns/Battles Post-war Occupation of Japan Tokyo Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Minoru Takimoto oral history interview, part 2 of 5, August 1, 2004 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Takimoto, Minoru: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2004OH0475_02_Takimoto Description An account of the resource Takimoto discusses about the loyalty questionnaire and his experiences at Manzanar Concentration Camp. He details about leaving camp and going to school. Takimoto also discusses about being drafted and joining the Military Intelligence Service (MIS). Subject The topic of the resource World War II--American Concentration Camps--Manzanar World War II--Loyalty Questionnaire World War II--Leaving Camp World War II--Military service--Military Intelligence Service Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:29:22 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2004 August 01 college leaving camp Loyalty Questionnaire Manzanar Concentration Camp Military Intelligence Service (MIS) https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/2344a77eb342ebacb36a05ab167ff51d.xml e5a7e49b7abf64848148a8cd26ca4f75 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Minoru Takimoto oral history interview, August 1, 2004 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/475-Takimoto-Minoru-1.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1926 Jun 02 Location of Birth Los Angeles, California Incarceration Facilities Manzanar Concentration Camp War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Korean War, 1950-1953 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Nickname Min Location of Basic Training Fort Lewis, Washington Presidio of Monterey, California Unit of Service Military Intelligence Service (MIS) Counter Intelligence Corps (CIC) Campaigns/Battles Post-war Occupation of Japan Tokyo Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Minoru Takimoto oral history interview, part 1 of 5, August 1, 2004 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Takimoto, Minoru: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2004OH0475_01_Takimoto Description An account of the resource Takimoto discusses about his family and childhood. He details bout Pearl Harbor and its aftermath. Takimto also discusses about his experiences at Manzanar Concentration Camp. Subject The topic of the resource Identity and values--Family World War II--American Concentration Camps--Manzanar World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:28:08 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2004 August 01 childhood family Manzanar Concentration Camp Pearl Harbor and aftermath https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/a3d08ad009af74011d804fcc9da0bf58.xml 535a9d81d65876d3c39ed64dea8f2741 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Charles Nishimura oral history interview, October 20, 1999 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/087-Nishimura-Charles-5.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1913 Dec 02 Location of Birth Paauhau, Hawaii War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Nickname Charlie Location of Basic Training Schofield Barracks, (Oahu) Hawaii Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion (Separate) 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Anzio Campaign Naples-Foggia Campaign Battle of Monte Cassino Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Charles Nishimura oral history interview, part 5 of 5, October 20, 1999 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nishimura, Charles: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1999OH0087_05_Nishimura Description An account of the resource Nishimura describes F Company reunions. He briefly talks about the F Company motto. He discusses his friendships. Nishimura tells a joke. He explains how he met his wife. He describes what it is like to live with his adult children. He talks about the extent to which he shares his war stories with his family. He discusses his medals and awards. He talks about the Bombing of Hiroshima. He leaves a message for future generations. He discusses oral history interviews. Subject The topic of the resource Identity and values--Family Japanese Americans--Post-World War II Military service--Veteran history Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:29:10 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1999 October 20 family friendship Hiroshima joke motto oral history reunion wife https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/ef9cfd190a394ac5d277d21cb9651cae.xml 37e90ceb08472178ca37148bf48b3ac9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Charles Nishimura oral history interview, October 20, 1999 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/087-Nishimura-Charles-4.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1913 Dec 02 Location of Birth Paauhau, Hawaii War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Nickname Charlie Location of Basic Training Schofield Barracks, (Oahu) Hawaii Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion (Separate) 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Anzio Campaign Naples-Foggia Campaign Battle of Monte Cassino Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Charles Nishimura oral history interview, part 4 of 5, October 20, 1999 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nishimura, Charles: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1999OH0087_04_Nishimura Description An account of the resource Nishimura describes his recovery time in a hospital. He explains what happened as he awaited transport to the hospital. He talks about the fruits and vegetables in Italy. He discusses his time in a field hospital. He briefly describes the 100th Infantry Battalion and the 442nd Regimental Combat Team cadres. He talks about being a part of F Company. He discusses being discharged. He describes his interactions with civilians. He talks about his journey home. Nishimura explains the extent to which his family was aware of his injury. He discusses how he reconnected with his family. Subject The topic of the resource World War II--European Theater World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team World War II--Italy Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:28:24 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1999 October 20 cadre civilians discharge family hospital injury Italy Japanese American soldiers https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/6eb595ffc6ae4d00ee7400953c88b773.xml c9eb353a29e06982d035d6e898a88f8c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Charles Nishimura oral history interview, October 20, 1999 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/087-Nishimura-Charles-3.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1913 Dec 02 Location of Birth Paauhau, Hawaii War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Nickname Charlie Location of Basic Training Schofield Barracks, (Oahu) Hawaii Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion (Separate) 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Anzio Campaign Naples-Foggia Campaign Battle of Monte Cassino Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Charles Nishimura oral history interview, part 3 of 5, October 20, 1999 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nishimura, Charles: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1999OH0087_03_Nishimura Description An account of the resource Nishimura talks about the 442nd Regimental Combat Team. He describes his journey overseas and landing in North Africa. He talks about being stationed in North Africa. He discusses his first time in combat. He describes the weather in Italy. Nishimura also describes C-rations and other foods on the front lines. He explains how he was injured during the Battle of Cassino. Subject The topic of the resource World War II--European Theater--Africa-Salerno-Volturno, Embarkation World War II--European Theater--Rome-Arno Campaign--Cassino World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate) Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:26:21 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1999 October 20 442nd Regimental Combat Team Africa Battle of Cassino combat food front line injury Italy https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/ebe59b65a398dcc2e95ae248210e4707.xml 6f364bc499bb46bd9152fd2c8bc9fa40 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Charles Nishimura oral history interview, October 20, 1999 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/087-Nishimura-Charles-2.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1913 Dec 02 Location of Birth Paauhau, Hawaii War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Nickname Charlie Location of Basic Training Schofield Barracks, (Oahu) Hawaii Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion (Separate) 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Anzio Campaign Naples-Foggia Campaign Battle of Monte Cassino Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Charles Nishimura oral history interview, part 2 of 5, October 20, 1999 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nishimura, Charles: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1999OH0087_02_Nishimura Description An account of the resource Nishimura describes shipping out the Big Island. He talks about his journey to Wisconsin. He discusses Camp McCoy. He describes his life in Wisconsin. He talks about his interactions with civilians. He shares his experiences with discrimination. He discusses maneuvers at Camp Shelby. He describes his military training. He also describes the discrimination he witnessed in Hattiesburg, Mississippi. He briefly talks about American Concentration Camps. He discusses World War Two and prisoners of war. Subject The topic of the resource Race--Discrimination World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate) World War II--Military service--Military Intelligence Service World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp McCoy Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:29:02 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1999 October 20 Camp McCoy Camp Shelby civilians concentration camps discrimination Hattiesburg Japanese American soldiers Wisconsin https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/2904fb9a74ea684187ef33e54b77fbd2.xml f1f56ff008529abf12c554fb9685118b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Charles Nishimura oral history interview, October 20, 1999 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/087-Nishimura-Charles-1.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1913 Dec 02 Location of Birth Paauhau, Hawaii War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Nickname Charlie Location of Basic Training Schofield Barracks, (Oahu) Hawaii Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion (Separate) 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Anzio Campaign Naples-Foggia Campaign Battle of Monte Cassino Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Charles Nishimura oral history interview, part 1 of 5, October 20, 1999 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nishimura, Charles: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1999OH0087_01_Nishimura Description An account of the resource Nishimura and the interviewers introduce themselves. He describes his early life in Hawaii. He talks about his parents and siblings. He describes his involvement in sports. He describes his religious background. He talks about the social activities at a planation. He discusses his involvement in the Boy Scouts. Nishimura describes his Japanese American identity. He shares his experiences with discrimination. He talks about his childhood aspirations. He discusses his work on a sugar plantation. He describes being drafted. He talks about his basic training. He explains what he did in his leisure time. He discusses the Attack on Pearl Harbor and the aftermath. He describes how the 100th was created. He talks about discrimination in the military. He shares his family's reactions to the Attack on Pearl Harbor. Subject The topic of the resource Identity and values--Family Social activities Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 0:27:45 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1999 October 20 basic training Buddhism discrimination Draft family Hawaii Pearl Harbor and aftermath plantation Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Masaru Abe oral history interview, October 19, 1999 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/085-Abe-Mas-6.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1916 Aug 20 Location of Birth Kingsburg, California War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Nickname Mas Abe Location of Basic Training Camp Roberts, California Fort McClellan, Alabama Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Champagne Campaign The Gothic Line Rescue of the Lost Battalion Bruyeres, Belmont, Biffontaine Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Masaru Abe oral history interview, part 6 of 6, October 19, 1999 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Abe, Masaru: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1999OH0085_06_Abe Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Masaru Abe oral history interview, October 19, 1999 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/085-Abe-Mas-5.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1916 Aug 20 Location of Birth Kingsburg, California War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Nickname Mas Abe Location of Basic Training Camp Roberts, California Fort McClellan, Alabama Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Champagne Campaign The Gothic Line Rescue of the Lost Battalion Bruyeres, Belmont, Biffontaine Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Masaru Abe oral history interview, part 5 of 6, October 19, 1999 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Abe, Masaru: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1999OH0085_05_Abe Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Masaru Abe oral history interview, October 19, 1999 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/085-Abe-Mas-4.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1916 Aug 20 Location of Birth Kingsburg, California War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Nickname Mas Abe Location of Basic Training Camp Roberts, California Fort McClellan, Alabama Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Champagne Campaign The Gothic Line Rescue of the Lost Battalion Bruyeres, Belmont, Biffontaine Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Masaru Abe oral history interview, part 4 of 6, October 19, 1999 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Abe, Masaru: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1999OH0085_04_Abe Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Masaru Abe oral history interview, October 19, 1999 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/085-Abe-Mas-3.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1916 Aug 20 Location of Birth Kingsburg, California War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Nickname Mas Abe Location of Basic Training Camp Roberts, California Fort McClellan, Alabama Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Champagne Campaign The Gothic Line Rescue of the Lost Battalion Bruyeres, Belmont, Biffontaine Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Masaru Abe oral history interview, part 3 of 6, October 19, 1999 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Abe, Masaru: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1999OH0085_03_Abe Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Masaru Abe oral history interview, October 19, 1999 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/085-Abe-Mas-2.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1916 Aug 20 Location of Birth Kingsburg, California War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Nickname Mas Abe Location of Basic Training Camp Roberts, California Fort McClellan, Alabama Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Champagne Campaign The Gothic Line Rescue of the Lost Battalion Bruyeres, Belmont, Biffontaine Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Masaru Abe oral history interview, part 2 of 6, October 19, 1999 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Abe, Masaru: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1999OH0085_02_Abe Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Masaru Abe oral history interview, October 19, 1999 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. URL https://gfbnec.org/oral_histories/mp4/085-Abe-Mas-1.m4v Date of Birth [YYYY-MM-DD] 1916 Aug 20 Location of Birth Kingsburg, California War or Conflict World War, 1939-1945 Branch of Service Army Entrance into Service Drafted or Volunteered Drafted Nickname Mas Abe Location of Basic Training Camp Roberts, California Fort McClellan, Alabama Unit of Service 100th Infantry Battalion/442nd Regimental Combat Team (Combined) Campaigns/Battles Champagne Campaign The Gothic Line Rescue of the Lost Battalion Bruyeres, Belmont, Biffontaine Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Masaru Abe oral history interview, part 1 of 6, October 19, 1999 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Abe, Masaru: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1999OH0085_01_Abe https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/782fc3d0727f4832aba697e5630c72ed.xml cefdddca57261e3b2439a5f330694548 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Toshiko Hattori oral history interview, January 25, 2003 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Indexing Metadata hidden field containing indexing metadata 0 --- --- --- hospital;house;in-laws;nurse;school district --- --- --- --- --- ::: 63 --- --- --- daughter;granddaughter;life experience --- --- --- --- --- ::: 302 --- --- --- childhood;friends;good health;lifestyle;sisters --- --- --- --- --- ::: 362 --- --- --- childhood;future generations;Issei parents;Japanese values;military service;values;Washington DC;Women's Memorial --- --- --- --- --- ::: 526 --- --- --- atomic bomb victims;Hiroshima;husband;Kyoto;marriage;Osaka --- --- --- --- --- ::: 688 --- --- --- East Coast;military service;Pearl Harbor;television;war --- --- --- --- --- ::: 973 --- --- --- childhood;childhood activities;playing games;Staten Island --- --- --- --- --- ::: 1069 --- --- --- career school;graduation;middle school --- --- --- --- --- ::: 1124 --- --- --- Fort Lewis;foster mother;New Jersey;nursing school;sisters --- --- --- --- --- ::: 1344 --- --- --- Ascom City;Camp Ascom;cemetery;civilian graveyard;hospital;Korea;nursing school;patients --- --- --- --- --- ::: 1588 --- --- --- babies;fire bombs;Japan;military rank;nursery;relatives;wedding --- --- --- --- --- Subject Notes Additional subjects not found in the controlled vocabulary World War II--Military service--Nurse Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Toshiko Hattori oral history interview, part 4 of 4, January 25, 2003 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2003OH0321_04_Hattori Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Description An account of the resource In this video clip, Toshiko Hattori talks about living a healthy lifestyle, sharing her life experiences with her family, and about her visits to Japan. She talks about how many people do not know about Japanese American women's contribution to the war effort. At the end of the interview, she shares various photographs from her military experience, including her time during nurse's training, basic training, her military service in Korea, as well as the time she spent in Japan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hattori, Toshiko: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Subject The topic of the resource World War II--Military service World War II--Women World War II--Photography Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 00:30:54 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2003-01-25 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Torrance, California 9/11 Fort Lewis Japan Japanese American women military experience nurse photographs https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/cd93d1e581649cb0f1c425602dab8e05.xml af2e1c4500157974ab219598b43889b3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Toshiko Hattori oral history interview, January 25, 2003 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Indexing Metadata hidden field containing indexing metadata 20 --- --- --- husband;Keiro Nursing Home;nurse;nursing --- --- --- --- --- ::: 280 --- --- --- chemotherapy;hospital;husband;lung cancer --- --- --- --- --- ::: 416 --- --- --- daughters;nurses;surgery --- --- --- --- --- ::: 577 --- --- --- carrots;Daikon (radish);gardening --- --- --- --- --- ::: 650 --- --- --- Go For Broke National Education Center;Japanese American National Museum (JANM);organizations;veteran organizations;veteran reunions --- --- --- --- --- ::: 710 --- --- --- airplane;cancer;daughter;JFK Airport;military experience;New York;nurse;sisters --- --- --- --- --- ::: 1190 --- --- --- daughters;doctors;grandchildren;nurse;nursing;transcribing;transcription --- --- --- --- --- ::: 1395 --- --- --- cease fire;grandchildren;Japan;Korean War;nurses --- --- --- --- --- ::: 1531 --- --- --- American citizen;family;Japan;post-World War II --- --- --- --- --- Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Toshiko Hattori oral history interview, part 3 of 4, January 25, 2003 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2003OH0321_03_Hattori Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Description An account of the resource After moving to East Los Angeles, Toshiko Hattori took care of her mother-in-law, and later, her husband, who had developed lung cancer. Her husband passed away from his illness, leaving her a widow. She developed osteoarthritis which made it difficult for her to get around, and also caused her to have surgery. She took an interest in gardening after her recovery from surgery. She kept in touch with old friends from her childhood, nurse's training, and military experience. All of her daughters pursued a career in the medical profession, and helped her after her husband passed away. She talks about what it was like to serve her country and her experience during the Korean War, as well as in post-war Japan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hattori, Toshiko: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Subject The topic of the resource Child rearing Identity and values--Family Industry and employment--Medicine World War II--Military service Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 00:27:09 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-01-25 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Torrance, California children gardening Go For Broke National Education Center Japan Korean War military experience relatives veteran organizations https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/de4a0bbc6430d9e749a64e950caf14ad.xml 4da121b27eda0925e9b55b939758d606 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Toshiko Hattori oral history interview, January 25, 2003 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Indexing Metadata hidden field containing indexing metadata 0 --- --- --- children;church;farms;sports;summer --- --- --- --- --- ::: 257 --- --- --- beach;father;foster home;Issei parents;Japanese Americans;letters;mother;New York --- --- --- --- --- ::: 437 --- --- --- Ellis Island;foster home;foster parents;Issei parents;New York;Pearl Harbor;United States Army;World War II --- --- --- --- --- ::: 530 --- --- --- cadet;nurses;nursing school;United States Army;volunteer for service --- --- --- --- --- ::: 633 --- --- --- basic training;gas mask;marching --- --- --- --- --- ::: 806 --- --- --- basic training;Commissioned Officer;Fort Lewis;nurse --- --- --- --- --- ::: 892 --- --- --- "internment camps";"internment";Colorado;Japanese Americans;West Coast --- --- --- --- --- ::: 959 --- --- --- Korea;nurse;nursing;Tokyo;wounded in action --- --- --- --- --- ::: 1014 --- --- --- cable car;chapel;dating;husband;marriage;nurses;R&R --- --- --- --- --- ::: 1261 --- --- --- father;Fort Hood;husband;Los Angeles;mother;sister;Texas --- --- --- --- --- ::: 1483 --- --- --- business;Captain;children;hospital;Issei parents;Major;retirement;school --- --- --- --- --- Subject Notes Additional subjects not found in the controlled vocabulary World War II--Military service--Nurse Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Toshiko Hattori oral history interview, part 2 of 4, January 25, 2003 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2003OH0321_02_Hattori Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Description An account of the resource In this video clip, Toshiko Hattori talks more about her childhood, and how she became interested in nursing. She describes her basic training experience upon joining the United States Army. At the time of the end of the war in Europe, she was still completing basic training, but eventually shipped to Korea and Tokyo. While stationed in Tokyo, she met her husband while on R&R. They got married at the Tokyo Army Hospital. After her husband retired from military service, they moved to East Los Angeles. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hattori, Toshiko: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Subject The topic of the resource Military service World War II--Military service--Basic training Japan--Post-World War II Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 00:29:10 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2003-01-25 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Torrance, California Army Nurse basic training high school nursing school Pearl Harbor Tokyo Army Hospital wedding https://ndajams.omeka.net/files/original/1886fe68737c8770d89b63566a0fc584.xml 335a585d61e06264cf2a95f4e68ebfc3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Toshiko Hattori oral history interview, January 25, 2003 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Indexing Metadata hidden field containing indexing metadata 26 --- --- --- childhood;family;foster home;New York City;sisters --- --- --- --- --- ::: 132 --- --- --- church;foster home;grammar school;high school;Japanese American community;public school;tuberculosis --- --- --- --- --- ::: 427 --- --- --- December 7th;family;foster family;Issei parents;Pearl Harbor;religion;school;sisters;students --- --- --- --- --- ::: 607 --- --- --- basic training;German Prisoners of War;hospital;Korea;New Jersey;New York;overseas;Philippines --- --- --- --- --- ::: 908 --- --- --- Fujiya Hotel;infirmary;Korea;R&R;Tokyo --- --- --- --- --- ::: 1056 --- --- --- ATIS;Captain;dual citizenship;Fujiya Hotel;Issei parents;Japanese citizenship;liaison --- --- --- --- --- ::: 1272 --- --- --- civilian;daughter;Fort Meade;Issei parents;Japan;Maryland;Presidio Language School;US Army Hospital --- --- --- --- --- ::: 1463 --- --- --- Annex;atomic bomb;daughter;firebombs;Japanese language;language barrier;Tokyo Army Hospital --- --- --- --- --- ::: 1640 --- --- --- cigarettes;devastation;Japanese citizens;PX store --- --- --- --- --- Subject Notes Additional subjects not found in the controlled vocabulary World War II--Military service--Nurse Index indicates an oral history item with an XML file indexed in OHMS. Yes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Toshiko Hattori oral history interview, part 1 of 4, January 25, 2003 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2003OH0321_01_Hattori Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Go For Broke National Education Center Description An account of the resource Toshiko Hattori describes her childhood growing up in foster homes in New York City. She attended nursing school after high school, and joined the United States Army to work as a nurse. During World War II, she was sent overseas to Korea, but was later sent to Tokyo, Japan to undergo appendix surgery. There, she met her husband, who was a Military Intelligence Officer, and they later returned to the states. While pregnant with her second daughter, Toshiko followed her husband back to Japan, where she stayed with relatives in Tokyo. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hattori, Toshiko: narrator Yoneshige, David: interviewer Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher Subject The topic of the resource World War II--Women Japan--Post-World War II World War II--Military service Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral Histories Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/m4v Extent The size or duration of the resource. 00:28:22 Language A language of the resource eng Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2003-01-25 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Torrance, California Army Nurse foster home husband marriage nursing school Tokyo Tokyo Army Hospital