Ray Mayeda oral history interview, part 4 of 4, January 7, 2010
After the passing of Ray Mayeda's mother, Ray's father sent his two sisters and younger brother to live in Japan with their grandmother. Later, Ray's father and Ray went to live in Japan too. After living in Japan for a few years, in 1939, Ray returned to the United States.
Ray attended Coronado High School and got good grades. He credits his education in Japan for doing well in high school. In addition to Ray's academic studies, he was elected student body treasurer and ran track. Ray was popular with his peers and had many friends.
On December 7, 1941, Ray's life changed when Pearl Harbor was attacked. Many of Ray's friends treated him differently at school, and Ray was forcibly removed to Santa Anita Assembly Center and then to Poston, AZ.
Ray relocated alone because his father was in Crystal City, Texas, and his older brother volunteered for the Army in 1942. Life in the camp was tough, and Ray had to care for himself.
Ray graduated from high school in the camp and left Poston to work in Chicago, IL. Soon after, he found a better job working as a bookkeeper. Ray saved enough money to attend the University of Minnesota, and when his finances ran low, he volunteered for the Army.
Ray started his career as an auditor working in Japan at the Civil Censorship Detachment (CCD) during the occupation. Next, he was a translator in Tokyo civil service and Okinawa civil service. Ray's second time in Japan was with the Air Force Audit Agency and working around Asia. When Ray retired, Northrop offered him a job and traveled to Korea, Saudi Arabia, and various states in the United States for auditing.
In Ray's retirement years, he enjoys playing golf and going on cruises. Ray has been married to the love of his life for 57 years and has three children and three grandchildren. Ray hopes his grandchildren have a good education and a job they enjoy. For the future of America, he hopes there are no more wars.
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Mayeda%2C+Ray%3A+narrator">Mayeda, Ray: narrator</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Hawkins%2C+Richard%3A+interviewer">Hawkins, Richard: interviewer</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Go+For+Broke+National+Education+Center%3A+publisher">Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=US+Army+Center+of+Military+History%3A+sponsor">US Army Center of Military History: sponsor</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Go+For+Broke+National+Education+Center">Go For Broke National Education Center</a>
video/m4v
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=eng">eng</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Oral+Histories">Oral Histories</a>
2010OH0988_04_Mayeda
Ray Mayeda oral history interview, part 2 of 4, January 7, 2010
In October 1949, Ray Mayeda worked at the Civil Censorship until it was dissolved. Then Ray worked at Allied Translator and Interpreter Section (ATIS) as a translator. He translated classified documents into English for a year.
After, Ray went to Okinawa to work for the Civil and Information Department in the military government. He was promoted to Visual Presentation Information Specialist. Ray had many Okinawan people working with him to spread propaganda about democracy in Okinawa. Ray screened movies and documentaries around different towns in Okinawa. Afterward, Ray started renting out regular American films, and his job was to control that.
When Ray did not have work, he found time to visit friends and his siblings. Ray has not seen his sisters and younger brother for 11 years. He reunited with his sisters and brother in Kagoshima and helped them come back to the United States. One of Ray's sisters got married there. After the war, Ray's father returned to Japan.
After serving his time in the occupation, Ray was discharged from the Army and censored telegrams in Osaka. Ray met his wife. His wife was working for the CCD in Tokyo and kept in touch. In March 1950, Ray worked in Okinawa and later returned to Tokyo in October 1951 and married his wife in June 1952.
By 1952, Ray was in Japan for five years, and he returned to the United States with his wife. Ray continued his education at the University of Minnesota, majoring in accounting. He later worked for a CPA firm, and then the Air Force Audit Agency hired him. Later Ray and his family moved to Japan, and Ray audited contracts in various places in Asia.
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Mayeda%2C+Ray%3A+narrator">Mayeda, Ray: narrator</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Hawkins%2C+Richard%3A+interviewer">Hawkins, Richard: interviewer</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Go+For+Broke+National+Education+Center%3A+publisher">Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=US+Army+Center+of+Military+History%3A+sponsor">US Army Center of Military History: sponsor</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Go+For+Broke+National+Education+Center">Go For Broke National Education Center</a>
video/m4v
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=eng">eng</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Oral+Histories">Oral Histories</a>
2010OH0988_02_Mayeda
Theodore "Ted" Mitsumori oral history interview, part 1 of 1
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Identity+and+values--Family">Identity and values--Family</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=World+War+II--Pearl+Harbor+and+aftermath--Personal+recollections">World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath--Personal recollections</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Industry+and+employment">Industry and employment</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=World+War+II--Military+service--Military+Intelligence+Service">World War II--Military service--Military Intelligence Service</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=World+War+II--Japan--Okinawa+Island">World War II--Japan--Okinawa Island</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Japan--Post-World+War+II">Japan--Post-World War II</a>
Theodore "Ted" Mitsumori describes his family life growing up in Hawaii and his eventual employment driving a taxi in the Pearl Harbor area. Mitsumori shares his first-hand experience of the bombing of Pearl Harbor while ferrying civilians, women, and children to safety during the event. He also recounts his time as a merchant marine, joining the Army, and role in the invasion of Okinawa. Finally, Mitsumori describes his service in Occupied Japan post-war in the CIC, switching military branches, and eventual retirement to Hawaii.
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Mitsumori%2C+Theodore%3A+narrator">Mitsumori, Theodore: narrator</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Shiroue%2C+Yoshinobu%3A+interviewer">Shiroue, Yoshinobu: interviewer</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Military+Intelligence+Service+Veterans+Club+of+Hawaii%3A+publisher">Military Intelligence Service Veterans Club of Hawaii: publisher</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Military+Intelligence+Service+Veterans+Club+of+Hawaii">Military Intelligence Service Veterans Club of Hawaii</a>
video/m4v
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=eng">eng</a>
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MISH_Mitsumori
Tadayoshi Sugiyama oral history interview, part 3 of 5, September 19, 2007
Tadayoshi Sugiyama arrives in Manila, Philippines, and goes to the Allied Translator and Interpreter Section (ATIS). He is stationed in Manila for a month. In November, Tadayoshi arrives in Yokohama, Japan.
In Japan, Tadayoshi Sugiyama is part of the War Crimes Investigation Unit as an interpreter. He investigates fallen aircraft and grave registration. He shares some of the cases he works on and interrogation technics he uses on Japanese locals.
Tadayoshi explains the contributions of the Nisei in the Army. In 1940 the Japanese Americans from San Francisco and Monterey train at Crissy Field for Military Intelligence Service. These men show the importance of Nisei. The majority of the men, in the beginning, are the 100th and Keibi Nisei. Tadayoshi talks about his contributions to the Military Intelligence Service (MIS).
Tadayoshi discusses the landscape of post-war Japan and money conversion to the Japanese yen. Tadayoshi would buys goods for black-marketing. Since Tadayoshi is on temporary duty, he does not get a paycheck. Black-marketing is a way for him to earn income.
Considering General MacArthur's edict, US occupation troops are not allowed to spend any money on Japanese establishments such as movie theaters and restaurants. Also, they are not allowed to eat native food. Post-war, there is not enough food in Japan. For food, they eat their rations.
Besides working, Tadayoshi goes on furlough to visit relatives, and he travels with his cousin around Japan.
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Sugiyama%2C+Tadayoshi%3A+narrator">Sugiyama, Tadayoshi: narrator</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Kunitomi%2C+Darrell%3A+interviewer">Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Go+For+Broke+National+Education+Center%3A+publisher">Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Go+For+Broke+National+Education+Center">Go For Broke National Education Center</a>
2007OH0790_03_Sugiyama
Maya Miyamoto oral history interview, part 3 of 3, April 27, 2011
Maya Miyamoto narrates photographs from the occupation of Japan. The pictures range from baseball games, family, relatives, friends, Japanese nationalist's daily life, and pets.
Maya also shares how he met his wife at Poston. His grandson, Daniel, served in Germany and did three tours in Iraq. Daniel came home safe.
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Miyamoto%2C+Maya%3A+narrator">Miyamoto, Maya: narrator</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Hawkins%2C+Richard%3A+interviewer">Hawkins, Richard: interviewer</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Go+For+Broke+National+Education+Center%3A+publisher">Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=US+Army+Center+of+Military+History%3A+sponsor">US Army Center of Military History: sponsor</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Go+For+Broke+National+Education+Center">Go For Broke National Education Center</a>
2011OH1043_03_Miyamoto
Maya Miyamoto oral history interview, part 2 of 3, April 27, 2011
During the occupation of Japan, Maya Miyamoto worked in Tokyo. He had a driver's license and could drive jeeps, tanks, and other vehicles. Therefore, a Lieutenant asked him to stay in Tokyo.
Maya's assignment was to drive the gas truck and trailer to Yokohama to get gas and haul rations or to get rations. Eventually, Maya's outfit got move vehicles, and the transport got the gas. Maya did not have to drive to get gas anymore. Maya became to head the Motor Pool as Motor Sergeant.
Besides work, Maya played a lot of baseballs. They started as a softball team, and they won a championship in the CIC detachment. There were many professional baseball players among their troops. Later, Maya played for the GHQ's baseball team. Maya's position was pitcher, short and third. He had fun and traveled around for games. In 1949, Maya received an award from the Commanding General for playing in the all-Japan tournament. Baseball in Japan was very popular.
Another popular activity during the occupation was the Black Market. Maya explains that the black market was selling or bartering items like a cigarette for Japanese yen. However, some individuals have the black market as a business. Maya had his wife with him in Japan, and he did not want the risk of her being sent back to the United States. Maya shares his thoughts on the blanket market. The black market was a big moneymaker.
During the occupation, there were food shortages in Japan. Maya did what he could to help to locals. He recalls helping the Japanese nationalists by giving them salt, bait to go fishing, and rations. Maya said the Japanese nationalist workers at the CIC performed good work, and you could trust them. Maya found the Japanese nationals to be trustworthy people.
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Miyamoto%2C+Maya%3A+narrator">Miyamoto, Maya: narrator</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Hawkins%2C+Richard%3A+interviewer">Hawkins, Richard: interviewer</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Go+For+Broke+National+Education+Center%3A+publisher">Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=US+Army+Center+of+Military+History%3A+sponsor">US Army Center of Military History: sponsor</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Go+For+Broke+National+Education+Center">Go For Broke National Education Center</a>
2011OH1043_02_Miyamoto
Maya Miyamoto oral history interview, part 1 of 3, April 27, 2011
Maya Miyamoto was born on January 28, 1922, in Carmel Valley, CA. His father and mother were from Kumamoto, Japan. Maya's father taught him respect, how to get along with others, honesty, and do not shame the family. Maya said his parents wished him to be successful and continue farming.
As a child, he worked on the farm, and gradually he did more farm labor. The homelife of the Miyamoto family was more westernized and the primary language was English. Maya gave examples of not using chopsticks or taking off their shoes in the house.
On December 7, 1941, Maya heard the news of Pearl Harbor on the radio at home. Two of his brothers were already in the Army service. As a child, Maya did not think much about the effects of war and carried on like usual. The aftermath of Pearl Harbor became more significant when the FBI came to their home and evacuation to Poston, Arizona.
In 1944 Maya went to Phoenix, AZ, for his induction. After completing basic training, Maya was sent to Mobile Intelligence at Camp Ritchie, Maryland, to teach all kinds of weapons from Germany and Japan. Later, Maya was assigned to the Counter Intelligence Group and went to CIC Headquarters at Camp Holabird, Maryland, for training.
In November or December of 1945, Maya landed in Atsugi Field. This was his first time traveling to Japan and leaving California. Maya recalls that the culture and customs were different from the United States. After Atsugi, Maya went to Tokyo. He describes the devastation he saw in the towns and cities. Maya visited the CIC detachment in Chiba where he saw his friend. His friend who worked in Graves Registration was looking for bodies of fliers in Chiba, wondering if they were killed or beheaded.
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Miyamoto%2C+Maya%3A+narrator">Miyamoto, Maya: narrator</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Hawkins%2C+Richard%3A+interviewer">Hawkins, Richard: interviewer</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Go+For+Broke+National+Education+Center%3A+publisher">Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=US+Army+Center+of+Military+History%3A+sponsor">US Army Center of Military History: sponsor</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Go+For+Broke+National+Education+Center">Go For Broke National Education Center</a>
2011OH1043_01_Miyamoto
Paul Ichiuji oral history interview, part 2 of 2, April 26, 2011
During the occupation of Japan, Paul Ichiuji worked for the CIC to gather information. Paul got information from the butokai and couriers. Although Paul’s Japanese was not that proficient, he knew important words to communicate with the butokai. There was no interpreter used between Paul and the butokai because the butokai did not want to get caught.
Paul knew the butokai was a good informant because he was carrying directives from the regional area. The directives were on paper and there was not too much conversation. After meeting with his informants, he would give them a good meal and a payoff. The money to pay off the informants came from selling on the Black Market. Paul remembers his unit being investigated and cleared of the accusations.
In Mie-ken where Paul was stationed, there was no undercover or stealthy investigative work. Everyone knew Paul and what he was doing for the CIC. He recalls attending May Day and observing the demonstration. Paul enjoyed his work and when he had time he traveled around Japan. Paul saw the suffering of the locals. There were homelessness and food shortages.
The Niseis stationed in Japan during the occupation treated the locals well and sympathized with their situation. Overall the occupation helped Japan democratize and rebuild the country.
After Paul's service, he remains active and participated with
pilgrimages for his chapters.
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Ichiuji%2C+Paul%3A+narrator">Ichiuji, Paul: narrator</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Hawkins%2C+Richard%3A+interviewer">Hawkins, Richard: interviewer</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Go+For+Broke+National+Education+Center%3A+publisher">Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=US+Army+Center+of+Military+History%3A+sponsor">US Army Center of Military History: sponsor</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Go+For+Broke+National+Education+Center">Go For Broke National Education Center</a>
2011OH1042_02_Ichiuji
Paul Ichiuji oral history interview, part 1 of 2, April 26, 2011
Terumoto "Paul" Ichiuji was born in Pacific Grove. He was very active in high school with sports and the student body and had many friends.
Before December 7, 1941, Paul's brother, Joe, and cousin were drafted into service. Paul recalls hearing about the Pearl Harbor attack on the way to see his cousin leave for the Philippines. Paul was a senior in high school when President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066.
March of 1942, the Ichiuji family evacuated, and Paul left school and his friends behind. Paul and his family went to Poston, AZ. Joe was discharged by the Government and he joined his family in Poston. Later, Joe volunteered for the 442nd.
Paul left Boston to go to school and was drafted when he was reclassified to 1A. Before going overseas, he was recruited into the Military Intelligence Service School. However, Paul was not fluent in Japanese. Later, he was recruited to the CIC (Counter Intelligence Corps).
After completing his training at Camp Holabird, Paul went overseas to the occupation of Japan. He spent his time in Mie-ken, Japan, gathering information. Paul made relationships with Japanese Government Officials, Informants, and Japanese nationals.
Before returning home to the United States, Paul recalls the CIC was interrogated by an investigative team. There was a complaint about the Black Market. Paul discusses the Blacket Market and its connection with getting intel.
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Ichiuji%2C+Paul%3A+narrator">Ichiuji, Paul: narrator</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Hawkins%2C+Richard%3A+interviewer">Hawkins, Richard: interviewer</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Go+For+Broke+National+Education+Center%3A+publisher">Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=US+Army+Center+of+Military+History%3A+sponsor">US Army Center of Military History: sponsor</a>
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2011OH1042_01_Ichiuji
George Matsunaga oral history interview, part 3 of 3, October 9, 2010
During the occupation, George Mitsuru Matsunaga stayed with the CIC. He recalled a food shortage in Japan and saw the Japanese nationals trying to survive. During George's travel, he became friends with three Marines who fought in the Guadalcanal on a transport ship from Hawaii to the Mainland. A year later, George saw his Marines friends again.
George was sent home early from the occupation and went to Schofield. He was at Schofield for six months and was assigned to the motor pool as a dispatcher. At the end of George's service, his rank was Corporal.
George continued his education at the University of Hawaii. After graduation, George could not find a job. Later, Thomas Yoshida told George about the job in Okinawa as a Court interpreter working for the Department of Army Civilians.
George worked for the Department of Army Civilian for approximately a year, interpreting, collecting property records in Naha, and coordinating workers for repairing a 90-foot boat.
When George's one-year contract ended, he came home to Hawaii. He worked serval jobs before working at the State Tax Office as a tax auditor for 23 years. In George's retirement years and he stayed active with golf. He and his wife have six children, four grandchildren, and one great-grandchild.
George reflects on the occupation and the Nisei linguists and their contributions. In George's opinion, he felt the Nisei linguists were the bridge between the United States Army and the Japanese nationals. Although the occupation was successful in helping Japan to rebuild, George felt the main point is to treat the people well with respect. George hopes for his grandchildren and great-grandkids to have a good education, a good job, and marry into a fine family. His message for future generations is to be kind to one another and treat them as human beings.
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Matsunaga%2C+George%3A+narrator">Matsunaga, George: narrator</a>
<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Hawkins%2C+Richard%3A+interviewer">Hawkins, Richard: interviewer</a>
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2010OH1015_03_Matsunaga
George Matsunaga oral history interview, part 2 of 3, October 9, 2010
George Mitsuru Matsunaga completed training at Camp Ritchie CIC School. In 1945, he went overseas for occupation and was part of the 187th paratroopers. Briefly, George had guard duty at Camp Kuwae. Later he went to Morioka and worked for the CIC. George's duties included being an interpreter for the CIC personnel, investigating complaints, getting supplies, and managing Japanese nationalist CIC workers.
He explains he used diplomacy to treat everyone fairly. George gave an example of using diplomacy when he interpreted for a Colonel in Morioka for rice rationing. George learned to treat others equally from his mother. He recalls the situations with the Koreans being oppressed. George tried to help them and acted as the middle man to make peace.
During the occupation, George saw the effects of war from starvation and death. One thing that upset George was seeing two to three funerals every day for soldiers killed in action (KIA). Overall, George felt the occupation was a success in rebuilding Japan.
After the occupation, George returned to Hawaii and graduated from the University of Hawaii on his GI Bill. In 1950, George worked in Okinawa for the Department of Army Civilians as a court interpreter for a Judge and collect property deeds in Naha.
George recalls in 1945 a plane crashed with 12 linguists aboard the flight. George knew some of the men well because they were from Hawaii and Mainland -Joe Kuwada, Motokane, Ueoka, and the Inouye brothers.
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<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Hawkins%2C+Richard%3A+interviewer">Hawkins, Richard: interviewer</a>
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2010OH1015_02_Matsunaga
George Matsunaga oral history interview, part 1 of 3, October 9, 2010
George Mitsuru Matsunaga was born on May 28, 1925, in Wailuku, Maui. George had many positive influences that shaped him during his informal educational years. At home, his parents taught him filial piety and to study hard. In English school and Japanese language school, the teachers taught him to be a good student and person. Life outside school, George was active in the Boy Scouts and Cub Scouts. He also enjoyed playing hanafuda, karuta, movies, and sports.
Life for George changed on December 7, 1941. George recalls learning about the Pearl Harbor attack and described Japan's attempt to attack the oil refinery. At school, George remembered digging trenches and carrying a gas mask every day even to graduation. After Pearl Harbor, George feared what would happen to the Japanese American community.
When George graduated high school, he attended the University of Hawaii and worked for a pineapple cannery. At the University of Hawaii, the Military Intelligence Service (MIS) recruited George. On January 3, George was sworn in for service and went to a replacement depo outside Schofield. George left Hawaii for the first time to go to the mainland for training.
At the CIC School in Maryland (Camp Ritchie). George learned FBI work. Later, George went to Fort Meade, Maryland, and took furlough. George received news the war ended and was shipped out immediately to Camp Stonemann Pittsburg to go overseas.
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2010OH1015_01_Matsunaga
Sachio Jack Takata oral history interview, part 3 of 3, June 17, 2006
Sachio Takata recollects his time at basic training at Camp Blanding training to be a replacement for the 442nd. He made a few friends in the Army. However, if you were not in the same company or platoon, it was harder to build a relationship. Sachio recalls when he was in the CIC as a special agent and shared a story about examining bags.
Sachio discusses the relationship between the Marines and the Japanese American interpreters. Sachio was proud of the accomplishments of the Niseis during World War Two. He gave examples of the Gothic Line and the 552nd for being the fastest artillery group in Europe. Although it was discriminatory to have a segregated group of Japanese American soldiers, Sachio said he felt safer.
When Sachio was at Enewetak, a medical officer told him about the GI Bill and provided him with information on how to go to medical school. Sachio applied to Tulane and the University of Michigan and was accepted to both colleges. When Sachio was discharged, he started his medical schooling at Tulane.
Being in Turlock and Gila River, Sachio lost parts of his life. When he graduated from medical school, he was ten years older than his classmates. Sachio felt it was an achievement to get into medical school. All the aspects of his life have fallen into place. After completing his residency in Iowa, he went to work in Omaha for three months and then to Los Angeles in 1960.
Sachio got married within a year of moving to Los Angeles and had two sons. Sachio's message for future generations is to persevere. In high school, Sachio had the goal to attend medical school. Despite World War Two and moving around, Sachio accomplished his dream.
At the end of the interview, Sachio narrates a few items from his collections.
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2006OH0699_03_Takata
Sachio Jack Takata oral history interview, part 2 of 3, June 17, 2006
In 1940, Sachio Takata graduated high school and went to the Delta Islands to work in the celery field. Sachio wanted to save money to further his education and attend medical school.
After the signing of Executive Order 9066, Sachio and his family went to Turlock and the Gila River. Sachio worked briefly on the farm and made camouflage before leaving Gila River to work on a farm in Nevada.
Later, Sachio left Nevada and went to Blackfoot, Idaho, to sort potatoes for the winter. Then, he moved to Chicago to work at a machine shop. In Chicago, Sachio's status changed from 4C to 1A, and eligible for the draft. He returned to camp and was inducted into the Army.
Sachio reported to Fort Douglas and went to Camp Blanding for basic training. After completing training, Sachio was discharged at Fort Sheridan. Sachio went to Gila River temporarily and then to Chicago to work in a machine shop.
When the camp was closing, Sachio returned to Gila to help his family relocate. The family moved to Rocky Ford, Colorado, to farm tomatoes.
Sachio recalls learning the war ended and discussed his thoughts on the atomic bomb.
Sachio received a notice from the California Draft Board for not serving six months during the war. He was inducted into the Army for the second time and sent to Fort Riley. Then he went to Fort Benning, Georgia. Sachio went to Counter Intelligence Corps (CIC) training and was assigned to the Headquarters of Pacific Command in Honolulu. Later, Sachio was assigned to Enewetak for six to eight months for security duty.
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2006OH0699_02_Takata
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