Arriving overseas, Tetsuo got sick and was hospitalized in Marseilles, France, for a few days. He joined his company, G Company, 2nd Battalion, 442nd, in Sospel, France, and was in the mortar section. He recollects climbing a mountain with G Company and living in dugouts on the border of France and Italy.

The next combat was the Lost Battalion rescue. The G Company was hit hard because they had 800 casualties. Following was the Champagne Campaign. Tetsuo said the Champagne Campaign had no heavy troop movement compared to the Lost Battalion. Later, the 442nd received orders from General Mark Clark to come back to Italy to break the Gothic Line.  

In the last push, the 100th went north. The 2nd Battalion was the center. The 3rd Battalion was on the right. After a few days, Tetsuo rejoined the line from the hospital. Tetsuo remembers being on assignment as a litter-bearer in Casa Poggio and being under German artillery fire.]]>
Asato, Tetsuo; narrator]]> Horsting, Robert; interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center; publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002-11-29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California]]>

Minoru describes life on the battlefields and having three close calls with German shells. Soldiers' lives were not the only ones in danger. Minoru explains the Officers tried to avoid being a target by the German soldiers. Therefore, the Officers dressed the same as the soldiers in the field.

At the end of the war, Minoru stayed to guard the German Prisoners and the supplies because he did not have enough points to return home. In 1946, Minoru was discharged from the Military at Fort Meade, Maryland, and went to San Francisco, CA, on a bus. Coming home, Minoru was decorated with the Combat Infantryman Badge, Presidential Unit Citation, three battle stars of his European Campaign, and Good Conduct.

Post-war, Minoru worked a few jobs before working for Peralta College for 25 years before retiring. Minoru married Lilly and had two children, Karen, and Kevin. Minoru was active with the Nisei Veterans Group and going to reunions. Minoru felt the Nisei legacy helped open opportunities for future generations, and he donated his book of war photographs to Go For Broke National Education Center.]]>
Miyasaki, Minoru: narrator]]> Garvey, John: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

After completing his basic training at Camp Shelby, Minoru traveled to Tule Lake to visit his father. When Minoru left Tule Lake, he boarded a bus, and the passengers applauded him. The experience was different from what the African Americans experienced in the South.

From New York, Minoru and his brother, John, departed to go overseas. A winter storm on the Atlantic Ocean caused a rough voyage for the soldiers. During the trip, German submarines were spotted in the ocean. Therefore, the Aquitania took a detour to Glasgow, Scotland, instead of England.

Minoru joined the 442nd in the South of France. When he was not a mortarman, he was a litter carrier picking up wounded Nisei. In Italy, Minoru fought with the Allied troops and the 92nd Division. Minoru recalls artillery fire from the German soldier. He describes the battle on top of Mount Fogarito.]]>
Miyasaki, Minoru: narrator]]> Garvey, John: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

He travels overseas on USS Washington. The voyage takes two weeks for the soldiers to land in Italy. He could not tell his family where he is going, no letters are permitted. On the ship, he has kitchen police duties.

When Yoshiro lands in Naples, Italy, Yoshiro goes to Caiazzo, where the replacement depot is. Yoshiro has training in foreign weapons. At the end of April 1945, and Germany surrenders two days later.

In Italy, Yoshiro sees his cousin Rudy Tokiwa. Yoshiro's other cousin Duke Tokiwa (Rudy's brother) is also overseas but in Germany.

The war ends, and Yoshiro returns to the United States. He lands in New Jersey and drives his jeep cross country back to California. Along the way, he makes a few stops to visits friends.

Post-war, Yoshiro goes to school at San Jose State College and UC Berkeley. He majors in biochemistry. After graduating he works at two labs at the California Department of Health Services. Later he works in different fields dealing with carcinogens. Yoshiro explains the PCD compliance agreement and regulation for the museum exhibiting Military ships.

Yoshiro is remarried and has four children (two sons from his previous marriage and two step-daughters). Yoshiro is on the Board of Japanese American Service East Bay. This organization helps elderly Japanese Americans. Yoshiro is proud to serve with the 442nd.]]>
Tokiwa, Yoshiro: narrator]]> Garvey, John: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Oral Histories]]>
World War II--Military service]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training]]> Miyamoto, Kenso: narrator]]> Shoho, Stephanie: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 April 28]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Merced, California ]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate)]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]>
He graduates from High School the following year in May when Pearl Harbor is attacked. Unable to apply for college, Miya looks for a job. Miya says that the only jobs available for Japanese Americans are minimal labor. He finds employment at a canning company. Miya would work at the canning company during the winter months and return back to farming for harvesting.

Miya tries to volunteer for service after High School but could not due to his Japanese ancestry. He is considered A1, enemy alien. Later Miya is drafted and is on enlisted leave until 1944. In 1945 Miya goes to Fort Meade for basic training. On his free time on the weekend, he would travel to Hattiesburg and New Orleans. After 17 weeks of training, his unit is deployed and he stays a month longer for cat eye driving. Once overseas he goes to a replacement camp and is assign to the 442nd Regimental Combat Team.

]]>
Miya, Ken: narrator]]> Hashimoto, Leiton: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 February 23]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]>

As a child, he worked on the farm, and gradually he did more farm labor. The homelife of the Miyamoto family was more westernized and the primary language was English. Maya gave examples of not using chopsticks or taking off their shoes in the house.

On December 7, 1941, Maya heard the news of Pearl Harbor on the radio at home. Two of his brothers were already in the Army service. As a child, Maya did not think much about the effects of war and carried on like usual. The aftermath of Pearl Harbor became more significant when the FBI came to their home and evacuation to Poston, Arizona.

In 1944 Maya went to Phoenix, AZ, for his induction. After completing basic training, Maya was sent to Mobile Intelligence at Camp Ritchie, Maryland, to teach all kinds of weapons from Germany and Japan. Later, Maya was assigned to the Counter Intelligence Group and went to CIC Headquarters at Camp Holabird, Maryland, for training.

In November or December of 1945, Maya landed in Atsugi Field. This was his first time traveling to Japan and leaving California. Maya recalls that the culture and customs were different from the United States. After Atsugi, Maya went to Tokyo. He describes the devastation he saw in the towns and cities. Maya visited the CIC detachment in Chiba where he saw his friend. His friend who worked in Graves Registration was looking for bodies of fliers in Chiba, wondering if they were killed or beheaded.


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Miyamoto, Maya: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> US Army Center of Military History: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

Life for George changed on December 7, 1941. George recalls learning about the Pearl Harbor attack and described Japan's attempt to attack the oil refinery. At school, George remembered digging trenches and carrying a gas mask every day even to graduation. After Pearl Harbor, George feared what would happen to the Japanese American community.

When George graduated high school, he attended the University of Hawaii and worked for a pineapple cannery. At the University of Hawaii, the Military Intelligence Service (MIS) recruited George. On January 3, George was sworn in for service and went to a replacement depo outside Schofield. George left Hawaii for the first time to go to the mainland for training.

At the CIC School in Maryland (Camp Ritchie). George learned FBI work. Later, George went to Fort Meade, Maryland, and took furlough. George received news the war ended and was shipped out immediately to Camp Stonemann Pittsburg to go overseas.
]]>
Matsunaga, George: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> US Army Center of Military History: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
Identity and values--Family]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Education]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training]]> Yoshino, Yoshito: narrator]]> Yee, Govan: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007 March 24]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Rohwer]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Fujimoto, Kiyoshi: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2001 April 29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training]]> World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Maritime Alps,"Champagne Campaign"]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Nishikubo, Hiroshi: narrator]]> Demonteverde, Marie: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2001 April 29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> Child rearing]]> World War II--Italy]]> World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate)]]> Ozaki, Charles: narrator]]> Hayashida, Kenneth: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 March 05]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Los Angeles, California ]]>
In Chicago, Ken enlists in the Army. After passing his physical exam, he goes to Camp Carson for his induction into the Army. On June 30, Ken reports for active duty at Fort Sill Oklahoma, and travels to Camp Blanding. Ken has seventeen weeks of basic training at Camp Blanding. After his weapons training at Camp Blanding, Ken goes to Camp Kilmer before going overseas. On January 6, Ken leaves with the convoy and lands in Marcé, France.

Even with the distance apart, Ken and Woody maintain their friendship. Ken discusses Woody's service in the Marine and Guadalcanal. ]]>
Tamura, Ken: narrator]]> Lim, Reuben: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
World War II--European Theater--Central Europe Campaign--Liberation of Dachau Subcamps (522nd Field Artillery Battalion)]]> World War II--Military service--522nd Field Artillery Battalion]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Japan--Post-World War II]]> Military service--Post-World War II service]]> Takano, Thomas: narrator]]> Wasserman, Steven: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 October 08]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii]]>
Ken received his draft letter to report to Fort Douglas when he was 18 years old. From Fort Douglas, he boarded a troop train with 40 others to Camp Blanding for basic training. Ken was assigned to the 232nd Battalion.

After completing 16 weeks of basic training, he visited his family in Topaz before going overseas. The voyage was ten days, and Ken was seasick. Ken recalls his good friend, Tom Nishimoto. Tom was KIA, and Ken made contact with Tom's sister, Lilly, after 50 years.

In Marseille, he joined L Company. Ken boarded a landing craft ship on an overnight trip to Leghorn. For three-night, they practiced night marching. On the fourth day, General Clark gave a pep talk to the soldiers before they left for the frontlines in Azzano. The next day Ken was going to attack Mount Fogarito.
]]>
Nihei, Ken: narrator]]> Hanamura, Wendy: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
World War II--Military service--Basic training]]> World War II--Military service--Military Intelligence Service]]> Allied Occupation of Japan]]> World War II--Military and Government Entities--Counterintelligence Corps (CIC)]]> Uchida, Toshiyuki: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 September 10]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Denver, Colorado ]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Law and legislation--Executive Order 9066]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Granada (Amache) Amache, Colorado]]> Education]]> Saisho, Giro: narrator]]> Iketani, Todd: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 August 19]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> California ]]>