Hershey's wife, Terry, learned he was a POW in 1952 when the government released the names of the POWs. Hershey was allowed to write letters to Terry. However, the Chinese government censored the letters.

Hershey made friends at the POW camp. He learned to sing Japanese songs and Hiragana. To help pass the time, Hershey and other POWs discussed food shared recipes.

During the first month in camp, everyone went through interrogation and wrote an autobiography. The camp Hershey was at was also known as a reactionary camp. Hershey and the other POWs were given communist literature and had discussions.

Hershey learned they would be released. He recalls crossing the border and seeing the American flag. Hershey was in a state of shock because for a year and a half, he heard they would be going home, and now it was happening.

After leaving the POW camp, Hershey spent a week in Inchon, Korea, before going home. In Gallup, Hershey was surprised by a welcoming parade with dignitaries, jets, and the Gallup community.

After receiving the Medal of Honor, Hershey's life changed. Being a Medal of Honor recipient, Hershey felt his duty was to show the country his gratitude and what the medal represents. The recognition signifies the millions of soldiers that survived and died for their service.

Post-war, Hershey worked a few jobs before working at a service station for 25 years. Terry has three children (two sons and one daughter) and four grandchildren. Hershey and Terry's children and grandchildren are doing well and are healthy.

Hershey wants to share with the future generations about voting and learning about the Korean War history. For the recipients who were upgraded to the Medal of Honor, Hershey felt it was too late, but it is better than not getting the recognition they deserve. All these men deserve citations and awards for their accomplishments.



]]>
Miyamura, Hiroshi "Hershey"; narrator]]> Yamazaki, Christine; interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center; publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004-07-24]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]>
Education]]> Identity and values]]> Japan]]> Japan--Military]]> Yamane, Kazuo: narrator ]]> Wasserman, Steven: interviewer ]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 October 10]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii ]]> Education]]> Industry and employment--Medicine]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Sako, Joe: narrator ]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer ]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher ]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 May 1]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Alameda, California ]]> Education]]> Identity and values--Family]]> World War II--Japanese Americans]]> Sako, Joe: narrator ]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer ]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 May 1]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Alameda, California ]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Industry and employment--Journalism]]> Education]]> Tanaka, Earl: narrator]]> Duensing, Dawn: interviewer ]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center: publisher]]> Nisei Veteran Memorial Center]]> 1995 July 12]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii ]]> Community activities--Associations and organizations]]> Industry and employment--Arts]]> Industry and employment--Educators]]> Laws and legislation--redress and reparations]]> Activism and involvement]]> Nakamura, Yoshio: narrator]]> Iketani, Todd: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005-08-20]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> West Covina, California]]> World War II--Military service--Discharge]]> World War II--Military service--Travel]]> World War II--Study and teaching]]> World War II--Prisoners and prisons]]> Industry and employment--Educators]]> Nakamura, Yoshio: narrator]]> Iketani, Todd: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005-08-20]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> West Covina, California]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Gila River]]> World War II--Temporary Detention Facilities--Tulare]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Education]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Facilities, services and camp administration]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Medical care and health issues]]> Nakamura, Yoshio: narrator]]> Iketani, Todd: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005-08-20]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> West Covina, California]]> Military service--Post-World War II service]]> Japan--Post-World War II]]> Industry and employment]]> Fujimoto, Yoshito: narrator]]> Yamagami, Don: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004-06-27]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> West Covina, California]]> Education--Japan]]> Law and legislation--Alien land laws--California]]> Industry and employment--Business]]> Industry and employment--Agriculture]]> Education--Higher education]]> Aratani, George Tetsuo: narrator]]> Yamazaki-Sato, Christine: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007-01-25]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Los Angeles, California]]> Education--Secondary education]]> Identity and values--American Japanese]]> Identity and values--Parents]]> Military service--Pre-World War II service]]> Tominaga, Mitsuo: narrator]]> Okura, John: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 1998-08-30]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Los Angeles, California]]> Education--Japanese language schools]]> Education--Secondary education]]> Identity and values--American Japanese]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Identity and values--Issei]]> Togashi, John: narrator]]> Kawata, Ian: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 1998-08-29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Los Angeles, California]]> Education--Church-run schools]]> Social activities]]> Identity and values--Parents]]> Wakai, Theodore: narrator]]> Iketani, Todd: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005-08-06]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Camarillo, California]]>
Tom has two younger sisters, and they grew up in Los Angeles, CA, near Chinatown. Later the family moved to Boyle Heights, CA. Tom attended elementary school for eight years and participated in an athletic club. Later, he goes to Lincoln High School for four years.
]]>
Umeda, Tom Shigetoki: narrator]]> Yuge, Tim: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
Education]]> Community activities]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Activism and involvement]]> War monuments]]> Okubo, Derek: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2008-06-09]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Golden, Colorado ]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Education]]> Social activities]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Matsuda, Irvin: narrator]]> Yuge, Tim: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2008-07-08]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Golden, Colorado ]]>
When Japan surrendered, George was assigned to the occupation Army. His duty in Japan was to assign local laborers to various jobs. The laborers would show up for work, and George gave assignments to any available workers.

Before returning home to the States, George visited his parents' relatives in Nagano, Japan. He recalls they did not have much to talk about because there was not much of a family tie or closeness. After returning to the United States, George did not stay connected with his relatives.

After George’s service in Japan, he first went to St. Paul to see his wife-to-be and then to Chicago to see his parents. He was discharged in May and got married to Esther in August. George had a long career in the Civil Service and worked for the Government in the accounting department until he retired.

George and Esther have a daughter, Nami, and a son, John. John has two children, Kay, and John. George's message for his grandchildren is to be happy and save money. Through all of his journey in life, George said he is overall satisfied with life.
]]>
Suzuki, George: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> US Army Center of Military History: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
Identity and values--Family]]> Education]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--Military service--Military Intelligence Language School]]> World War II--Military service--Military Intelligence Service]]> World War II--China-Burma-India Theater]]> Uesato, Toshi: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> US Army Center of Military History: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2010 March 18]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Industry and employment--Aerospace industry]]> Yoshida, Ronald: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> US Army Center of Military History: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2010-02-15]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> North Ridge, California]]> Education]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Topaz (Central Utah)]]> World War II--Temporary Detention Facilities--Tanforan]]> Yoshida, Ronald: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> US Army Center of Military History: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2010-02-15]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> North Ridge, California]]>
In the United States, Ray's father was a successful farmer until the Great Depression. His parents taught him to work hard, be honest, and do well in school. Besides working on the farm, Ray went to school. He got good grades and participated in clubs and sports.

When World War Two ended, Ray went to Japan for the occupation. He discusses his thoughts on Nisei's contributions and the rebuilding of Japan.
]]>
Mayeda, Ray: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> US Army Center of Military History: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]>
Identity and values--Family]]> Social activities]]> Education]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Muranaka, Reynold: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> US Army Center of Military History: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2009 November 08]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Lakewood, Washington ]]> Allied Occupation of Japan]]> World War II--Military service--Military Intelligence Service]]> Military service--Veteran history]]> Falk, Stanley: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2009 July 20]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Virginia ]]> Industry and employment]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Identity and values]]> Kamemoto, Mitsugi: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> US Army Center of Military History: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2009 January 16]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii]]> Education]]> Allied Occupation of Japan]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Japan--Post-World War II]]> Yamada, Kazuhiko: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> US Army Center of Military History: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2009 January 30]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]>
In Ridley, Frank and his parents work on a peach farm until they receive evacuation orders. Previously, Frank grows up with mainly Caucasian people. After moving to Ridley, a farming community, and Poston, Frank discusses the culture shock.

Frank and his parents go to Poston, Camp 3, and he recounts the living conditions. At Poston, Frank continues his education, and his parents find jobs within the camp. Frank recalls his mother's family are relocated to Gila River.

In June of 1943, Frank and his parents leave Poston. Frank finishes high School and gets a job analyzing paint. In January of 1945, Frank receives his draft notice and starts his military career. ]]>
Hiratsuka, Frank: narrator]]> Yuge, Tim: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
Education]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Japanese Americans--World War II]]> Azumano, George: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2008-09-09]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Portland, Oregon]]> Education]]> Japan--During World War II]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training]]> Iwatake, Nobuaki: narrator]]> Yuge, Tim: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2008 June 4]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Tokyo, Japan ]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Education]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Kaseguma, Paul Shigeki: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007-11-15]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Bellevue, Washington ]]>
Post-war, Robert meets Keiko Matsubara at Armstrong Business College in Berkeley. Robert and Keiko date for a year before getting married in 1949. Robert and Keiko have one son, two daughters, and eight grandchildren.

Robert shares a message with his grandchildren.]]>
Sugimoto, Robert: narrator]]> Yuge, Tim: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--232nd Combat Engineer Company]]> Kimura, Shoichi: narrator]]> Yuge, Tim: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007 October 14]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Richmond, California]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Industry and employment]]> Child rearing]]> Social activities]]> Kawamoto, Casey: narrator]]> Yuge, Tim: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007-10-12]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Tiburon, California]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Education]]> Industry and employment]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--France]]> Momoda, Shigeru Gerald: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007-09-11]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Las Vegas, Nevada]]>
At a USO show, Leo meets an Italian girl name Ebe. Leo and Ebe date for two years before getting married. When the war ends, Leo decides to stay in Italy. Leo shares his story of how he finds a civilian job in the War Department.

Leo and Ebe have a fairytale wedding in Livorno. They have a church ceremony and a reception at Ristorante Republica. Leo and Ebe are married for 52 years and have two children and a grandchild.

Leo moves back to the United States when the Italian offices close. He describes his homecoming experience and introducing his wife to his Issei parents. Leo has the intention to enroll at Idaho University but ends up in the grocery business. He retires in 1998 after being in the grocery business for 52 years.

Leo discusses attending three reunions and gives advice for future generations about a military career. ]]>
Morishita, Leo: narrator]]> Garvey, John: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

On a lighter side, Shigeo shares a funny story about the Mess Hall in Marseilles, France. Besides Shigeo serving in the army, his three other brothers have a military career as well. Shigeo's Issei father is very proud of his sons for serving their country.

While overseas, Shigeo says there is a Black Market. He says some hot items go for high prices. As a result, the Army passes a ruling that you can exchange items only 10 percent above your Army pay.

On December 18, 1945, Shigeo is discharged in Oahu, Hawaii, and returns home to Maui. Shigeo is not able to find a good job and reenlist in the Army. He is deployed to the Korean War and is a Battalion Mechanic.

After being discharged from the Korean War, Shigeo is highly decorated with serval awards and medals such as two combat badges, two good conduct medals, and one Bronze Star.

Post-war, Shigeo goes to National School in Los Angeles, California for a year. Eventually, Shigeo gets a position at Northrop Grumman and is promoted several times before retiring. ]]>
Iwamasa, Shigeo: narrator]]> Leivich, Joanne: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Oral Histories]]>
Identity and values]]> Industry and employment]]> Education]]> World War II--Military service--Recruiting and enlisting]]> Oshiro, Joseph Seichi: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007-09-10]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Education]]> Identity and values]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Wilson, Jack Wayne: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007-07-09]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> San Antonio, Texas]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Industry and employment]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Fujimoto, Robert: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2003 March 31]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii]]> Education]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Social activities]]> Hirayama, Fred: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2003 March 31]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Military service--Veteran history]]> Iwataki, Kuwashi: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2003 February 23]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> Education]]> Industry and employment]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Inouye, Masato: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2003 February 22]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Social activities]]>
Post-war. Toyota's family relocates to Cleveland. In 1945, Toyota is discharge and goes to school for an engineering career. Meanwhile, he meets his wife and have been married for 50 years. Since his wife is a country girl, they move to Fresno to be closer to her family. Toyota gives up his opportunity of the engineering field and beginning of his civil service career for 20 years.

In Cleveland, Toyota recalls a time when a civilian shakes his hand and thanks him for his service. Toyota is proud to be a representative of the Japanese Community during his time in service but did not like what his sees. Toyota flashbacks to Sospel, Italy where his Lieutenant took two replacement to go on patrol and gets capture. Toyota describes how the replacements keep getting younger when they come to war.

Toyota feels war should not be learned from second hand news because it is over exaggerated. Taking to veterans or soldiers can give a realistic view since they have experience war and the information will be more accurate. When asked about the Go For Broke movie, Toyota feels the movie does not depict realism.

Toyota shares his thoughts on the contributions of the Issei and Nisei. He shares advice for the future generations.



]]>
Toyota, Kameo: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 November 17]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Fresno, California]]>
Identity and values--Family]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Social activities]]> Matsui, Yeiki: narrator]]> Dojiri, Michelle: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 October 21]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Las Vegas, Nevada ]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Social activities]]> Education]]> Fujikawa, Misuo John: narrator]]> Dojiri, Michelle: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 September 15]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]>
Lillian identifies with her Japanese heritage, but after the war, she realizes there is a need to emphasize being American. She recalls three individuals that show support to the Japanese American Community and her family.

Lillian and her family are sent to Puyallup and Minidoka. She describes the living conditions and life behind barb wires. At Minidoka, she meets John Matsudaira. John volunteers for service and leaves in June 1943. They stay in contact through correspondences.

Lillian leaves camp and goes to Ohio and Philadelphia to reunite with her sisters Fran and Ruby. ]]>
Matsudaira, Lilian: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
World War II--Awards, medals]]> Industry and employment]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Tochihara, Richard: narrator]]> Hirata, Jared: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 September 14]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> Social activities]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Education]]> Sato, Kenichi: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 July 28]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Seattle, Washington ]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Social activities]]> Education]]> Hagiwara, Patrick: narrator]]> Dojiri, Michelle: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 July 27]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Seattle, Washington ]]> Identity and values--Family]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Social activities]]> Shiozaki, Masaru: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 June 30]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Chicago, Illinois ]]> World War II--Awards, medals]]> Education]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Tamashiro, Minoru: narrator]]> Yuge, Tim: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007-06-27]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii]]> Japan]]> Education]]> Identity and values]]> Nukuto, Tadashi: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 June 28]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Chicago, Illinois ]]> Education]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Social activities]]> Yoshimoto, Hiroshi: narrator]]> Inouye, Jason: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 June 27]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Chicago, Illinois ]]> Education]]> Social activities]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Kurata, Joseph: narrator]]> Okinaka, Bobby: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 May 26]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> San Fransisco, California]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Identity and values]]> Education]]> Kirihara, James: narrator]]> Demonteverde, Marie: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 April 27]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Merced, California ]]> Community activities]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Yoshihara, George: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 April 21]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]>
Frank discusses his school years. In Vacaville, he attended primary school and Japanese Language School. Later, when the family moved to Cordelia, he went to a small grammar school and attended Sunday school at a Lutheran Church. After five years, Frank's family moved to San Jose. When Frank went overseas during wartime, he missed the valleys of San Jose the most. The valley was the most beautiful when the flowers were blooming.

In high school, Frank enrolled at a Prep Ministry school in Oakland. He graduated high school in 1936. Being the oldest son, Frank had responsibilities to the family. Therefore, he worked on the strawberry farm to help his parents. Later, Frank's family moved to Santa Clara and rented an area for farming.

In 1941, Frank moved to Los Angeles to help his half-brother in the trucking business. He recalls hearing the news about Pearl Harbor and shares his reaction to the event.

After President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, there were restrictions for the Japanese Americans. Frank's first reaction to Executive Order 9066 was the government could not do this to American citizens. He could only comply with the government orders because his parents taught him to respect authority.

Frank evacuated to Santa Anita Assembly Center with the Japanese Americans from Mountain View Palo Alto and later to Heart Mountain. Frank only took what he could carry to camp. ]]>
Shimada, Sumio Frank: narrator]]> Yahata, Craig: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
Arts and literature]]> Identity and values]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Miyamoto, Hajime: narrator]]> Demonteverde, Marie: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 March 03]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Hilo, Hawaii]]>
When the war ends, in May 1946, Don stays in Europe to assist with marshaling the German troopers to surrendering and inventorying their weapons. Don has the opportunity to take leave to Rome and Switerzland. He also attends the US Arm Force Institute in Florence, Italy.

Don returns to the United States from Livorno, Italy, on the Wilson Victory and is discharged at Camp Beale. Don receives recognition by President Truman and receives ribbons and awards for his service. Post-war, Don furthers his education, gets married, and has a family. Don discusses the Nisei legacy and personal photographs.]]>
Miyada, Don: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
Social activities]]> Education]]> Identity and values]]> Mukai, George: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002-03-01]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Hilo, Hawaii]]>
Post-war, Eddy furthers his education and attends college to study art. Then he goes to a specialized school focusing on art. After he graduates from school, Eddy becomes a professional artist.

Eddy shares how he meets his wife, Mary Meri Kurushima, in Los Angeles, CA. They have been married for 52 years and have three children - Brian, Jeffrey (Carol), and Denise (Mike). They also have three grandchildren - Kyle, Dean, and Kacy.

For the future generations, Eddy does not want them to forget what has happened to the Japanese Americans during World War Two. He hopes what happened to the Nisei to happen to anyone else.]]>
Kurushima, Masato Eddy: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

Eddy and his family return to the Imperial Valley after Japan. Eddy says he feels like a foreigner coming back to the United States even though he is a loyal American citizen. Living in Hiroshima, Japan, for three years, Eddy picks up the Hiroshima dialect. As a result, he has a hard time communicating with his peers.

In 1939, the Kurushima family moved to Fresno, CA, and attended Washington Union High School. At school, Eddy did not feel accepted by the other Nisei. Eddy mentions, his son experiences the same intercultural prejudices with his peers. In 1942 Eddy and his family were evacuated to camp.

After World War Two, Eddy goes to the Occupation of Japan in 1946. He recalls visiting his relatives and feeling empathy for them. Eddy describes Hiroshima before and after the atomic bombing. ]]>
Kurushima, Masato Eddy: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

Eddy says he always looks forward to the holidays. Another pastime Eddy recalls was going for car rides with his family. Eddy's father loves cars.

Living in the Imperial Valley, the Kurushima family shops at the general store and get gas for their family car. Moreover, the Kurushima family goes to town occasionally on Friday nights to watch Japanese movies. Eddy's favorite movies are samurais. Another reason the Kurushima family goes to town is to buy Japanese food.

Eddy looks forwards to the family trips into town. He explains the difference in demographics in the downtown and uptown area. Eddy interacts with other ethnicities at school, but in the country he socializes more with Asians. Eddy discusses the relationship between Salvadorians and Hispanics. Also, he recalls discrimination in elementary school.

Eddy does not share his discrimination with his parents because of "gaman." In Japanese, gaman means tolerance and perseverance. However, Eddy shares his experiences with his peers at school.

Eddy's love for art was encouraged not only by his mother but by Ms. Charles, his sixth-grade teacher. In grade school, Eddy already realized he wanted to be an artist. He discusses being Japanese American and being an artist.

In 1933, the Kurushima family went to Japan and stayed there for several years. Eddies show his drawing of himself with his siblings. Eddy feels he is not accepted in Japan or the United States because he is a foreigner in both countries.
]]>
Kurushima, Masato Eddy: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
Japan--Post-World War II]]> Race--Discrimination]]> Industry and employment]]> Yamasaki, James: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> US Army Center of Military History: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2010-04-26]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Japan--Post-World War II]]> Education]]> Allied Occupation of Japan]]> Ishizaki, Mutsumi: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2001 February 28]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Hawaii]]> Japan--Post-World War II]]> Allied Occupation of Japan]]> Industry and employment]]> ]]> Doi, Isao: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> US Army Center of Military History: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2010 October 20]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Seattle, Washington ]]> World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Vosges--"Rescue of the Lost Battalion"]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Uchimiya, George: narrator]]> Yamagami, Don: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007 April 07]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Education--Primary education]]> Education--Secondary education]]> Industry and employment--Agriculture]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Race--Race relations]]> Social activities--Sports]]> Satow, Susumu: narrator]]> Inouye, Jason: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 February 03 ]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Education]]> Social activities]]> Tojo, Tadashi: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 January 21 ]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Industry and employment]]> Tamagawa, Tadashi: narrator]]> Leivici, Joanne: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007 April 04]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Education]]> Child rearing]]> Yokoyama, Masayoshi: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 January 21 ]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii]]> Education]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Social activities]]> Doi, Masato: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2003 September 26]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Hawaii]]> World War II--Military service--522nd Field Artillery Battalion]]> World War II--European Theater--Central Europe Campaign--Liberation of Dachau Subcamps (522nd Field Artillery Battalion)]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Miho, Katsugo: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002 January 20]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii ]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Social activities]]> Yoshino, Yoshito: narrator]]> Yee, Govan: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007 March 24]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> Education]]> Industry and employment]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Hozaki, Jimmy Mitsuo: narrator]]> Mizuguchi, J.: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 December 04]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Japan--Post-World War II]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Industry and employment]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Kodama, Douglas Hideaki: narrator]]> Oka, L.: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 December 04]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--100th Infantry Battalion (Separate)]]> Education]]> Japan--Post-World War II]]> Sato, Robert: narrator]]> Tsukano, Lloyd: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006-12-02]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Education]]> Social activities]]> Yuki, Harvard: narrator]]> Nakamatsu, Karen: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2001 November 10]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrence, Califorina ]]> Identity and values--Parents]]> Japan]]> Education]]> Race--Discrimination]]> Hirose, Masana: narrator]]> Wasserman, Steven: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2003-10-11]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Arlington, Virginia]]> Industry and employment]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Schofield Barracks]]> Japan--Pre-World War II]]> Hada, Chester: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2001-10-30]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Las Vegas, Nevada ]]> Education]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Religion and churches--Buddhism]]> Kimoto, Sanji: narrator ]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005-10-07]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Anaheim, California ]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Race--Discrimination]]> World War II--Awards, medals]]> Namba, Kennie: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2001 July 13 ]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Portland, Oregon ]]> Race--Discrimination]]> Education]]> Child rearing]]> Tanaka, Walter: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2001 June 01]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> San Jose, California ]]> Japan--Post-World War II]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> World War II--Military service]]> Nishio, Frank: narrator]]> Tanaka, Diane: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Eduation Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2001-05-19]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrence, California ]]> Education]]> Japan--Pre-World War II]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Nishio, Frank: narrator]]> Tanaka, Diane: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Eduation Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2001-05-19]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrence, California]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Education]]> Social activities]]> Ikeda, Takeo: narrator]]> Miyamoto, Phil: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 March 21]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii]]> Education]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Industry and employment]]> Nakamura, Edward: narrator]]> Wasserman, Steven: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 February 26]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Identity and values--Family]]> ]]> Fujimoto, Samuel: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 February 25]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Military service--Veteran history]]> Taketomo, Shuji: narrator]]> Inouye, Jason: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2001 April 29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Gila River]]> World War II--Temporary Detention Facilities--Santa Anita]]> World War II--Leaving Camp]]> Masuoka, David: narrator]]> Akahoshi, Corinne: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Toyota: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 November 19]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> Education--Primary education]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Industry and employment--Agriculture]]> Education--Secondary education]]> Immigration and citizenship--Picture brides]]> Community activities]]> Imoto, Yoshio: narrator]]> Okitsu, Walter: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Toyota: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 November 19]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> San Diego, California ]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Education]]> Social activities]]> Tsukahara, Ted: narrator]]> Tagami, Steve: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2001 March 25]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Katagiri, David: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Toyota: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 November 19]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> San Diego, California]]> Identity and values--Family]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Education]]> Omatsu, James: narrator]]> Miyamoto, Phil: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 October 24]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii ]]> Education]]> Military service--Post-World War II service]]> Identity and values]]> Turner, Albert: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 October 23]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Child rearing]]> Education]]> Sasai, Samuel: narrator]]> Yamagami, Don: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 October 22]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Industry and employment]]> Muroshige, Kenneth: narrator]]> Tahara-Kim, Lynette: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 October 21]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Education]]> Suga, Sterling: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 September 26]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Las Vegas, Nevada ]]> Allied Occupation of Japan]]> Industry and employment]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Matsushita, Tomii: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 September 18]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Salt Lake City, Utah ]]> Education]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Social activities]]> Matsushita, Tomii: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 September 18]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Salt Lake City, Utah ]]> Education]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Education--Secondary education]]> Meyer, Allen: narrator]]> Wasserman, Steven: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006-06-25]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Chicago, Illinois]]>