After, Ray went to Okinawa to work for the Civil and Information Department in the military government. He was promoted to Visual Presentation Information Specialist. Ray had many Okinawan people working with him to spread propaganda about democracy in Okinawa. Ray screened movies and documentaries around different towns in Okinawa. Afterward, Ray started renting out regular American films, and his job was to control that.

When Ray did not have work, he found time to visit friends and his siblings. Ray has not seen his sisters and younger brother for 11 years. He reunited with his sisters and brother in Kagoshima and helped them come back to the United States. One of Ray's sisters got married there. After the war, Ray's father returned to Japan.

After serving his time in the occupation, Ray was discharged from the Army and censored telegrams in Osaka. Ray met his wife. His wife was working for the CCD in Tokyo and kept in touch. In March 1950, Ray worked in Okinawa and later returned to Tokyo in October 1951 and married his wife in June 1952.

By 1952, Ray was in Japan for five years, and he returned to the United States with his wife. Ray continued his education at the University of Minnesota, majoring in accounting. He later worked for a CPA firm, and then the Air Force Audit Agency hired him. Later Ray and his family moved to Japan, and Ray audited contracts in various places in Asia.


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Mayeda, Ray: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> US Army Center of Military History: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]>
Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> Education]]> Military service--Veteran history]]> Asato, Jotoku: narrator]]> Oka, Leonard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2008 April 26]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Maui, Hawaii]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Kazumura, Larry: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007 November 17]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Bellevue, Washington]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Kazumura, Larry: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2007 November 17]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Bellevue, Washington]]>
In 1944, Kiyoshi volunteers for the 442nd. Kenichi and Yoshiro also want to volunteer, but Kiyoshi says one person from their family is enough. Their mother agrees.

At Amache, a loyalty questionnaire is given to the internees. Kenichi explains his thoughts on the questions and what is a no-no boy. Although, Santa Anita and Amache's security is almost the same. Kenchi says you can leave Amache to go to work. Sometimes Kenichi goes to the nearest city Granada for entertainment.

In camp, Kenichi receives his draft notice and reports to Fort Logan for induction. After, he goes to Camp Blanding for his basic training. While in basic training, Kenichi gets news of his brother Kiyoshi's death. Kenichi returns to Amache for the funeral service.

When Kenichi goes overseas, he understands what war is. He sees causalities first hand. He describes Champagne Campaign, Bruyeres, and the Gothic Line. At the end of the war, Kenichi has a chance to join the Military Intelligence Service (MIS). However, he decides to return to the States and get married.

Post-war, Kenichi marries Yoshiko, and they have been married for 60 years. He works a few jobs before owning seven laundromats.
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Muranaga, Kenichi: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

After completing his basic training at Camp Shelby, Minoru traveled to Tule Lake to visit his father. When Minoru left Tule Lake, he boarded a bus, and the passengers applauded him. The experience was different from what the African Americans experienced in the South.

From New York, Minoru and his brother, John, departed to go overseas. A winter storm on the Atlantic Ocean caused a rough voyage for the soldiers. During the trip, German submarines were spotted in the ocean. Therefore, the Aquitania took a detour to Glasgow, Scotland, instead of England.

Minoru joined the 442nd in the South of France. When he was not a mortarman, he was a litter carrier picking up wounded Nisei. In Italy, Minoru fought with the Allied troops and the 92nd Division. Minoru recalls artillery fire from the German soldier. He describes the battle on top of Mount Fogarito.]]>
Miyasaki, Minoru: narrator]]> Garvey, John: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

The three Morishita brothers, Kenzo, Leo, and Yutaka, all serve during World War Two but have different duties. Kenzo is Leo's older brother, is in I Company, and one of the eight survivors from the Los battalion Rescue. Leo discusses Kenzo's near-death experience during his combat with German soldiers. Yutaka is the youngest brother, who is in the Air Corps in Germany.

Leo recalls the last push and the Gothic Line. The 442nd encounters many casualties. Previously at Camp Shelby, Leo learns weapon training. Leo is a rifleman for three weeks before he is reassigned to the 442nd as a placement. As a rifleman, Leo carries a Browning Automatic Rifle BR-88.

When Leo is a medic, he recalls treating two soldiers. He describes each event. Leo also shares a story about two Hawaiian soldiers he meets at the medic station.]]>
Morishita, Leo: narrator]]> Garvey, John: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

After training, Paul goes overseas. In New Guinea, Paul and fifteen Nisei MP and set up a POW camp. His job is to interview the POWs. The next step for General MacArthur is to set up the next landing spot in the Philippines.

General MacArthur's next landing is Leyte Islands. Paul and the MP set up the POW camp for interrogation. Paul recalls the capture of a Japanese sergeant, and he gives the locations of the cannons fired at night. Besides the POWs intel, Paul's team gets the radio signal of the Japanese soldiers and hears their conversations. Paul recalls the Japanese Navy attack and saving the Japanese soldiers from the ship.

Later, Paul receives orders to go to Australia and join the Australian Army unit for translation. Paul and the Australian Army travel to Borneo because there are still many Japanese troops in that area. Paul remembers a case of interrogating a Japanese soldier in the hospital who is a Nisei drafted into the Japanese Army.

In Borneo, there are snipers, and Paul is assigned guards for protection. One of Paul's guards is shot by a sniper, and he tries to save him. Paul is awarded a medal from the Australian government. However, that medal is only awarded to Australian soldiers, and Paul returns the medal.

Paul stays in Borneo to assist with the surrendering ceremonies. After the surrender ceremonies, Paul goes to Manila, Philippines, but his unit leaves for Tokyo, Japan. Before going to Tokyo, Paul flies to Okinawa with other soldiers to help them with trade translations. In Tokyo, Paul learns he is promoted to second lieutenant if he serves during the occupation forces. However, Paul turns down his commission. Paul recalls visiting Kyoto to visit relatives.

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Bannai, Paul: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

Before December 7, 1941, Paul's brother, Joe, and cousin were drafted into service. Paul recalls hearing about the Pearl Harbor attack on the way to see his cousin leave for the Philippines. Paul was a senior in high school when President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066.

March of 1942, the Ichiuji family evacuated, and Paul left school and his friends behind. Paul and his family went to Poston, AZ. Joe was discharged by the Government and he joined his family in Poston. Later, Joe volunteered for the 442nd.

Paul left Boston to go to school and was drafted when he was reclassified to 1A. Before going overseas, he was recruited into the Military Intelligence Service School. However, Paul was not fluent in Japanese. Later, he was recruited to the CIC (Counter Intelligence Corps).

After completing his training at Camp Holabird, Paul went overseas to the occupation of Japan. He spent his time in Mie-ken, Japan, gathering information. Paul made relationships with Japanese Government Officials, Informants, and Japanese nationals.

Before returning home to the United States, Paul recalls the CIC was interrogated by an investigative team. There was a complaint about the Black Market. Paul discusses the Blacket Market and its connection with getting intel.
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Ichiuji, Paul: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> US Army Center of Military History: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
Allied Occupation of Japan]]> Japan--Post-World War II]]> Identity and values]]> Aki, Patrick: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> US Army Center of Military History: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2001 February 25]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii]]> Education]]> Hawaii-- Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> World War II--Military service--Varsity Victory Volunteers]]> Doi, Masato: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2003 September 26]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Hawaii]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> World War II--European Theater--"The Gothic Line"]]> Makino, Jimmy: narrator]]> Tanaka, Diane: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2001 September 29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> California ]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Italy]]> Makino, Jimmy: narrator]]> Tanaka, Diane: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2001 September 29]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> California ]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--Awards, medals]]> World War II--Photography]]> Nakabayashi, Tetsuo: narrator]]> Deramos, Francis: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2006 January 21]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Vosges--"Rescue of the Lost Battalion"]]> World War II--European Theater--"The Gothic Line"]]> World War II--European Theater]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Nishimoto, Arthur: narrator]]> Miyamoto, Phil: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 September 28]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> LAs Vegas, Nevada ]]> Industry and employment]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Matsukawa, Shigeru: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 September 19]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> World War II--Photography]]> Military service--Post-World War II service]]> Japanese Americans--Post-World War II]]> Inami, Frank: narrator]]> Wasserman, Steven: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 June 05]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Emeryville, California ]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--European Theater--Rhineland Campaign, Vosges--"Rescue of the Lost Battalion"]]> World War II--Veteran history]]>
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Kashiki, John: narrator]]> Tamaru, Stuart: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2005 April 16]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Fresno, California ]]>
Japan]]> World War II--Pearl Harbor and aftermath]]> Education]]> Yokogawa, Tadashi: narrator]]> Tanaka, Diane: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2000-02-05]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Industry and employment]]> Kanada, Harry: narrator]]> Ikeda, Haru: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 March 28]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California ]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training]]> World War II--Military service--Recruiting and enlisting]]> Identity and values]]> Yokote, Shigeo: narrator]]> Nakaishi, Russell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2004 March 20]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Rancho Cordova, California ]]> World War II--Military service--Travel, leisure]]> World War II--Veteran history]]> World War II--European Theater--"The Gothic Line"]]> World War II--Military service--442nd Regimental Combat Team]]> Iwasaki, Arthur: narrator]]> Fukumoto, Lynn: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 1999 February 13]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Portland, Oregon ]]> Education--Higher education]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Jerome]]> Race--Discrimination]]> World War II--Hospitals]]> World War II--European Theater]]> Surh, Kim Ida: narrator]]> Wasserman, Steven: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2003-10-26]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> Torrance, California]]> World War II--Military service--Basic training--Camp Shelby]]> World War II--Casualties]]> World War II--American Concentration Camps--Rohwer]]> Identity and values--Family]]> World War II--Engineering and construction]]> Kawamoto, Shigeo: narrator]]> Goto, Edwin: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2003-09-29]]> eng]]> cpe]]> Oral Histories]]> Honolulu, Hawaii]]>

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