Ko discusses the media reports following days after the Pearl Harbor attack. He says the media exaggerated the news to instill fear. However, Ko and his family continue with daily life as normal. The customers at Ko's parents' produce market show sympathy and concern towards the Sameshima family. Ko says there are no signs of discrimination.

When Executive Order 9066 (EO9066) is announced, Ko's parents and himself have separate struggles they face. Ko's parents go to Amache, Colorado, and Ko tries to transfer to a University on the East Coast. On the East Coast, Ko witnesses segregation and shares his sentiments.

Ko graduates from the University of Texas and is reclassified from 4C to 1A. Before being drafted for service, Ko volunteers to be an internee at Amache, to care for his parents. Ko recalls his experience at Camp Snelling and Military Intelligence Language School.

In 1945, the war ends, and Ko is commissioned to go to Manila, Philippines, for war crime trials and then to Tokyo, Japan, for occupation. Ko's parents leave Amache and move to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. ]]>
Sameshima, Ko Stanley: narrator]]> Yuge, Tim: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> Oral Histories]]>

At Gila River and overseas, Tadayoshi encounters different types of Japanese dialects. For example, at camp there is a mixture of city and country people with contrasting Japanese dialogue. Moreover, there is a perception that Japanese Americans do not speak Japanese. When Tadayoshi goes to Nikko, the locals are surprised to see a Japanese in an American uniform and speaking Japanese. The same thing happens when he visits his relatives in Shimizu on a ten-day furlough.

Overseas Tadayoshi is an interpreter with the War Crimes Investigation for two Captains who are lawyers. Despite working on war crime cases during occupations, Tadayoshi does not see any finalization of his investigations. A particular case his shares is Captain Kaneko.

The war impacts the lives of Japanese locals in many ways. Tadayoshi is surprised about the social responsibility in public and describes some situations he witnessed. Tadayoshi's mother says this is an effect of war. War changes people, and we should not judge people too harshly.

Tadayoshi's parents leave Gila River in 1945 and rebuild their lives. Post-war, Tadayoshi furthers his education and moves to Los Angeles. He has two daughters and two grandchildren. Tadayoshi reflects on the Nisei contribution and the legacy they worked for the next generations. ]]>
Sugiyama, Tadayoshi: narrator]]> Kunitomi, Darrell: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

Hitoshi says he works with an FBI agent, Dr. Miller, a professor at Syracuse University, on Captain Murakami's case. If Captain Murakami pleads guilty, the sentence would be lighter. However, that is a mistake. Hitoshi says Captain Murakami receives a 30-year sentence.

Hitoshi works with another FBI agent, Captain Peters. Hitoshi says war crimes go along with war. As long as you treat the POWs in a humane way, there will no be war crime cases. Hitoshi explains the Geneva Conference is a universal guideline on how to treat POWs. However, in Hitoshi's opinion avoiding war is better because he lost all his childhood friends in World War Two. War is not worth it.

Hitoshi corresponds with his parents and they ask him to visit their relatives. Hitoshi recalls meeting his relatives. He says the meeting is awkward because he is Japanese but wearing an American Army uniform. Looking at Japan, the cities are destroyed by the bombing and there are food shortages.

Hitoshi is discharged in October 1946 and stays in Japan to work as a civilian. Hitoshi gets married to Utako before returning to the United States. ]]>
Sameshima, Hitoshi: narrator]]> Sato, Christine: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

Hitoshi discusses the different interrogations he works on from Tatsuo Tsuchiya "Little Glass Eye," Lieutenant Yuri, Camp Confidant, Lieutenant beheading a POW, and the Mabuchi case.
]]>
Sameshima, Hitoshi: narrator]]> Sato, Christine: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

Maya's assignment was to drive the gas truck and trailer to Yokohama to get gas and haul rations or to get rations. Eventually, Maya's outfit got move vehicles, and the transport got the gas. Maya did not have to drive to get gas anymore. Maya became to head the Motor Pool as Motor Sergeant.

Besides work, Maya played a lot of baseballs. They started as a softball team, and they won a championship in the CIC detachment. There were many professional baseball players among their troops. Later, Maya played for the GHQ's baseball team. Maya's position was pitcher, short and third. He had fun and traveled around for games. In 1949, Maya received an award from the Commanding General for playing in the all-Japan tournament. Baseball in Japan was very popular.

Another popular activity during the occupation was the Black Market. Maya explains that the black market was selling or bartering items like a cigarette for Japanese yen. However, some individuals have the black market as a business. Maya had his wife with him in Japan, and he did not want the risk of her being sent back to the United States. Maya shares his thoughts on the blanket market. The black market was a big moneymaker.

During the occupation, there were food shortages in Japan. Maya did what he could to help to locals. He recalls helping the Japanese nationalists by giving them salt, bait to go fishing, and rations. Maya said the Japanese nationalist workers at the CIC performed good work, and you could trust them. Maya found the Japanese nationals to be trustworthy people. ]]>
Miyamoto, Maya: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> US Army Center of Military History: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>

As a child, he worked on the farm, and gradually he did more farm labor. The homelife of the Miyamoto family was more westernized and the primary language was English. Maya gave examples of not using chopsticks or taking off their shoes in the house.

On December 7, 1941, Maya heard the news of Pearl Harbor on the radio at home. Two of his brothers were already in the Army service. As a child, Maya did not think much about the effects of war and carried on like usual. The aftermath of Pearl Harbor became more significant when the FBI came to their home and evacuation to Poston, Arizona.

In 1944 Maya went to Phoenix, AZ, for his induction. After completing basic training, Maya was sent to Mobile Intelligence at Camp Ritchie, Maryland, to teach all kinds of weapons from Germany and Japan. Later, Maya was assigned to the Counter Intelligence Group and went to CIC Headquarters at Camp Holabird, Maryland, for training.

In November or December of 1945, Maya landed in Atsugi Field. This was his first time traveling to Japan and leaving California. Maya recalls that the culture and customs were different from the United States. After Atsugi, Maya went to Tokyo. He describes the devastation he saw in the towns and cities. Maya visited the CIC detachment in Chiba where he saw his friend. His friend who worked in Graves Registration was looking for bodies of fliers in Chiba, wondering if they were killed or beheaded.


]]>
Miyamoto, Maya: narrator]]> Hawkins, Richard: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> US Army Center of Military History: sponsor]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]>
Japan--Military]]> Military service--Post-World War II Occupation of Japan]]> Japan--Imperialist expansion]]> World War II--Japan]]> World War II--War crimes trials]]> Koshi, George: narrator]]> Inouye, Jason: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2001 September 01]]> eng ]]> Oral Histories]]> Seattle, Washington ]]> World War II--War crimes trials]]> World War II--Women--Japan]]> Activism and involvement]]> World War II--Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima & Nagasaki]]> Identity and values--Family]]> Nakahara, Peter: narrator]]> Horsting, Robert: interviewer]]> Go For Broke National Education Center: publisher]]> Go For Broke National Education Center]]> 2002-03-02]]> eng]]> Oral Histories]]> San Jose, California]]>

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